15 Common Dental Problems and Tooth Diseases

Check out this answer from Consensus:

Dental problems and tooth diseases are diverse and can significantly impact oral and overall health. Effective prevention and management strategies, including regular dental check-ups, proper oral hygiene, and targeted interventions, are essential for maintaining dental health.

1. Dental Caries (Tooth Decay)

Dental caries, commonly known as tooth decay, is a prevalent dental problem caused by the metabolic byproducts of bacteria on the tooth surface, leading to cavity formation. It remains one of the most common childhood diseases globally, affecting both children and adults1 2 6.

2. Periodontal Disease

Periodontal disease, including gingivitis and periodontitis, is a major cause of tooth loss in adults. It is primarily caused by the accumulation of dental plaque, which leads to inflammation and infection of the gums and supporting structures of the teeth3 5 6.

3. Tooth Loss

Tooth loss can result from various factors, including periodontal disease and dental caries. It is associated with increased risks of systemic health issues such as heart disease and stroke4.

4. Gingivitis

Gingivitis is the inflammation of the gums caused by plaque buildup. It is a reversible condition if treated early with proper oral hygiene practices5 6.

5. Plaque-Induced Gingivitis

This form of gingivitis is directly related to the presence of dental plaque and can be effectively managed with regular dental cleanings and improved oral hygiene6.

6. Dental Plaque

Dental plaque is a sticky film of bacteria that forms on teeth. It is the primary cause of both dental caries and periodontal disease5 6.

7. Tooth Sensitivity

Tooth sensitivity occurs when the protective enamel wears down, exposing the underlying dentin. It can cause discomfort or pain when consuming hot, cold, or sweet foods and drinks.

8. Oral Infections

Oral infections, such as those caused by Streptococcus mutans, are significant contributors to dental caries and periodontal diseases. These infections can be managed with antimicrobial treatments and improved oral hygiene8 9.

9. Halitosis (Bad Breath)

Halitosis is often caused by poor oral hygiene, leading to the buildup of bacteria in the mouth. It can also be a sign of other dental or systemic health issues.

10. Tooth Erosion

Tooth erosion is the loss of tooth enamel due to acid attack from foods, drinks, or stomach acid. It can lead to increased sensitivity and decay.

11. Oral Cancer

Oral cancer can affect any part of the mouth and is often linked to tobacco use and excessive alcohol consumption. Early detection is crucial for successful treatment.

12. Dental Abscess

A dental abscess is a pocket of pus caused by a bacterial infection, often resulting from untreated cavities or gum disease. It requires prompt dental treatment.

13. Malocclusion

Malocclusion refers to misalignment of the teeth and jaws, which can affect chewing, speech, and oral hygiene. Orthodontic treatments are commonly used to correct this condition.

14. Bruxism (Teeth Grinding)

Bruxism is the involuntary grinding or clenching of teeth, often during sleep. It can lead to tooth wear, jaw pain, and other dental issues.

15. Impacted Teeth

Impacted teeth, such as wisdom teeth, fail to erupt properly and can cause pain, infection, or damage to adjacent teeth. Surgical removal is often necessary.