What Are Daddy Longlegs?

Check out this answer from Consensus:

Daddy Longlegs is a term that encompasses various species, including harvestmen, cellar spiders, and crane flies. Each of these creatures has distinct characteristics and ecological roles. Despite common myths, they are generally harmless to humans and can even be beneficial by controlling pest populations. Understanding the differences between these species can help dispel misconceptions and appreciate their place in the ecosystem.

Daddy Longlegs is a common name that refers to several different groups of arachnids and insects, often leading to confusion about their identity. This term is typically used to describe creatures with long, slender legs and small bodies, but it can refer to different species depending on the region.

Types of Daddy Longlegs

1. Harvestmen (Opiliones) 
   • Harvestmen are arachnids, but they are not spiders. They belong to the order Opiliones and are known for their long legs and compact bodies. Unlike spiders, harvestmen have a single, fused body segment and do not produce silk or venom. They are often found in moist environments and are harmless to humans.
2. Cellar Spiders (Pholcidae) 
   • Cellar spiders, also known as “true daddy longlegs,” are a family of spiders known for their long, delicate legs and web-building abilities. They are often found in dark, damp areas like basements and cellars. Despite their appearance, cellar spiders are not dangerous to humans and are known to prey on other spiders, including more harmful species.
3. Crane Flies (Tipulidae) 
   • In some regions, the term daddy longlegs is used to describe crane flies, which are insects rather than arachnids. Crane flies resemble large mosquitoes but are harmless and do not bite. They are often seen in gardens and grassy areas.

Misconceptions and Myths

There are several myths associated with daddy longlegs, particularly regarding their venom. A common misconception is that they are among the most venomous creatures but cannot harm humans due to their short fangs. This myth is false; harvestmen do not have venom, and cellar spiders’ venom is not dangerous to humans.