What Is a Cervicogenic Headache?

This post was written with Consensus AI Academic Search Engine – please read our Disclaimer at the end of this article. Cervicogenic headache (CeH) is a type of secondary headache that originates from the cervical spine or neck region. It is characterized by unilateral pain that typically starts in the neck or occipital region and can radiate to the frontal and temporal areas of the head4. This headache is often chronic and can occur daily, significantly impacting the quality of life and functional activity of those affected3 5.

Pathophysiology

The pathogenesis of cervicogenic headache is believed to have an anatomical basis in the cervical region. It is thought to result from nociceptive input from the cervical structures, such as the facet joints, cervical muscles, and nerves4. The involvement of the upper cervical spine, particularly the C2-C6 vertebrae, is commonly implicated in the development of these headaches1.

Diagnostic Criteria

Diagnosing cervicogenic headache can be challenging due to its overlapping symptoms with other headache types. The diagnosis is primarily clinical and based on specific criteria, including:

• Unilateral headache without side-shift.
• Pain triggered by neck movement or sustained awkward head positions.
• Pain originating in the neck and spreading to the oculo-fronto-temporal areas1 4.

Clinical Features

Patients with cervicogenic headache often report:

• Persistent, non-throbbing pain that is moderate to severe in intensity.
• Pain that is exacerbated by neck movements or pressure on the cervical region.
• Associated symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, photophobia, and phonophobia, although these are less common compared to primary headaches like migraines3 4.

Impact on Quality of Life

Cervicogenic headache can lead to significant disability, affecting daily activities and overall quality of life. Patients may experience limitations in neck mobility, increased neck pain, and tenderness in the upper cervical joints2 5. The condition can also lead to increased medication intake and healthcare utilization, further burdening the affected individuals7.

Conclusion

Cervicogenic headache is a debilitating condition originating from the cervical spine, characterized by unilateral pain and associated with neck movements. Accurate diagnosis is essential for effective management, although treatment options remain varied and sometimes controversial. Understanding the clinical features and impact of cervicogenic headache can aid in better recognition and management of this condition.

Disclaimer

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