What Is Gastroparesis?

This post was written with Consensus AI Academic Search Engine – please read our Disclaimer at the end of this article. Gastroparesis is a chronic gastric motility disorder characterized by delayed gastric emptying without any mechanical obstruction. This condition leads to a range of severe gastric symptoms, including nausea, vomiting, bloating, early satiety, and abdominal pain1 3 4 7. It is a significant complication often associated with diabetes, affecting both Type-1 and Type-2 diabetic patients1 6 9. The majority of gastroparesis sufferers are females, accounting for about 80% of cases1.

Causes and Risk Factors

Gastroparesis can be idiopathic, meaning its cause is unknown, or it can be associated with other conditions such as diabetes and connective tissue diseases2 6. In diabetic patients, gastroparesis is a frequent neuropathic complication, and it is estimated that one-third of gastroparesis cases are related to uncontrolled diabetes7. The condition is also linked to neuropathic damage, which affects the stomach’s ability to contract and move food into the small intestine8.

Symptoms

The symptoms of gastroparesis are varied and can significantly impact the quality of life. Common symptoms include postprandial fullness, early satiety, bloating, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain4 7. These symptoms can lead to nutritional deficiencies and weight loss due to the inability to consume and digest food properly9.

Treatment Options

Treatment for gastroparesis often involves dietary modifications, such as consuming a diet with small particle sizes to reduce gastrointestinal symptoms9. Prokinetic agents, which enhance gastric motility, are commonly used, although their efficacy varies. Prucalopride, a selective 5-HT4 receptor agonist, has shown promise in improving gastric emptying rates and reducing symptoms2 6. Other treatments under investigation include velusetrag and revexepride, which are also 5-HT4 receptor agonists3 4. Additionally, dopamine D2/D3 receptor antagonists like trazpiroben are being developed for chronic treatment5.

Research and Future Directions

Recent studies have explored the use of low-viscosity soluble fibers as a dietary intervention to manage symptoms in gastroparesis patients, showing potential for regulating blood glucose levels without exacerbating symptoms1. Furthermore, research into the role of interleukin 10 in restoring gastric function in diabetic mice suggests potential therapeutic avenues for human patients8. Ongoing clinical trials continue to evaluate the efficacy and safety of various pharmacological treatments, aiming to improve the quality of life for those affected by this challenging condition10.

In summary, gastroparesis is a complex disorder with significant impacts on patients’ lives. While current treatments offer some relief, ongoing research is crucial to developing more effective and safer therapeutic options.

Disclaimer

The content presented in this blog is generated by Consensus, an AI-powered academic search engine, and is based on publicly available scientific literature. While every effort is made to provide accurate, up-to-date, and well-researched information, the content is intended for informational and educational purposes only. It does not constitute medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult a qualified healthcare professional before making any decisions regarding medical conditions, treatments, or medications. The AI system’s analysis may not cover all perspectives, emerging research, or individual cases, and it is not a substitute for professional expertise. Neither the blog publisher nor the developers of the AI-powered search engine are responsible for any actions taken based on the information provided in this content. Use of this information is at your own risk. Citations to the original scientific studies are included for reference, but these studies should be reviewed in full and interpreted with the guidance of a healthcare or research professional.

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