Paper
5G: Probable and Possible Adverse Effects of Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Fields on Humans
Published 2021 · Nicholas A Kerna, Uzoamaka Nwokorie, John V. Flores
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Abstract
5G communication elicits radiofrequency electromagnetic fields, which will compound those being emitted by 2G, 3G and 4G, proving potentially harmful to humans and the environment. Radiofrequency electromagnetic fields stimulate and conduce cancers in humans. Also, radiofrequency electromagnetic fields pose risks to the eyes, skin, reproductive and neurologic systems, gene expression, energy metabolism and protein synthesis (metabolic effects), cell membranes, and superficial tissues. They also cause nonspecific symptoms (such as headaches, insomnia, dizziness, nausea, lack of concentration, heart palpitations, depression, and sleep disturbances). Radiofrequency electromagnetic fields contribute to oxidative stress, increasing reactive oxygen species production and oxidative damage to DNA bases. The radiation attacks the superficial layers of the skin. Recognizing the potential dangers and presumed adverse effects of 5G radiation, the World Health Organization recommends exposure limits and drafting policies for reducing risk levels in the exposed population. Governments, militaries, and industries have been supporting rapid 5G implementation without, however, determining its safety and establishing preventive measures. This research explores recent peer-reviewed studies on the biological effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic fields on humans.
Literature Review5G communication may cause harmful radiofrequency electromagnetic fields, leading to cancer, eye, skin, reproductive, neurologic system risks, and oxidative stress, requiring exposure limits and preventive measures.
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