Unilateral Acute Idiopathic Maculopathy Associated with Streptococcal Pharyngitis, A Case Report
Clare L Shute, U. Chakravarthy, C. McAvoy
Apr 1, 2021
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Ocular Immunology and Inflammation
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Key Takeaway Key Takeaway: Unilateral Acute Idiopathic Maculopathy (UAIM) may be linked to streptococcal infection and may be a post-streptococcal autoimmune disease.
Abstract
ABSTRACT Purpose Unilateral Acute Idiopathic Maculopathy (UAIM) is a rare inflammatory macular condition affecting young adults with poorly understood etiology. This case report addresses this by suggesting potential etiology. Methods A retrospective review of patient records was carried out to obtain data for case report. Results A 29-year-old male developed sudden visual loss in the left eye 1 day following the development of a sore throat. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) and fundal exam demonstrated subretinal/intraretinal fluid and disruption of the outer retina in keeping with UAIM. Serological testing revealed a raised Anti-Streptolysin O Titer and anti-DNAse-B antibody. Conclusions To date, UAIM has been known to be associated with a flu-like illness and a connection between coxsackievirus has been suggested but it has not been linked to streptococcal pharyngitis. We suggest a potential link between UAIM and streptococcal infection and that UAIM may be on the spectrum of post-streptococcal autoimmune disease.