Abstract.This papers examines formal properties of logical squares and their generalizations in the form of hexagons and octagons. Then, several applications of these constructions in philosophical analysis are elaborated. They concern contingency (accidentality), possibility, permission, axiological concepts (bonum and malum), the generalized Hume thesis (deontic and epistemic modalities), determinism, truth and consistency (in various senses. It is shown that relations between notions used in various branches of philosophy fall into the same formal scheme.

Logical squares and their generalizations can be used in philosophical analysis to analyze concepts related to contingency, possibility, permission, axiological concepts, and the Hume thesis.

Applications of Squares of Oppositions and Their Generalizations in Philosophical Analysis

Key Takeaway: Logical squares and their generalizations can be used in philosophical analysis to analyze concepts related to contingency, possibility, permission, axiological concepts, and the Hume thesis.