The effect of exhalation flow on endogenous particle emission and phospholipid composition
P. Larsson, B. Bake, A. Wallin
Sep 1, 2017
Citations
31
Citations
Quality indicators
Journal
Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology
Full text
Semantic Scholar
Key Takeaway Key Takeaway: Forced exhalation and airway re-opening manoeuvres generate particles from different airway regions with different DPPC concentrations compared to slow exhalations.
Abstract
Exhaled particles constitute a micro-sample of respiratory tract lining fluid. Inhalations from low lung volumes generate particles in small airways by the airway re-opening mechanism. Forced exhalations are assumed to generate particles in central airways by mechanisms associated with high air velocities. To increase knowledge on how and where particles are formed, different breathing manoeuvres were compared in 11 healthy volunteers. Particles in the 0.41-4.55μm diameter range were characterised and sampled. The surfactant lipid dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) was quantified by mass spectrometry. The mass of exhaled particles increased by 150% (95% CI 10-470) for the forced exhalation and by 470% (95% CI 150-1190) for the airway re-opening manoeuvre, compared to slow exhalations. DPPC weight percent concentration (wt%) in particles was 2.8wt% (95%CI 1.4-4.2) and 9.4wt% (95%CI 8.0-10.8) for the forced and the airway re-opening manoeuvres, respectively. In conclusion, forced exhalation and airway re-opening manoeuvres generate particles from different airway regions having different DPPC concentration.