Effect of a hay and a grain diet on the rate of hydrolysis of ochratoxin A in the rumen of sheep.

doi:10.2527/1991.6993706X

Paper

Effect of a hay and a grain diet on the rate of hydrolysis of ochratoxin A in the rumen of sheep.

Published Sep 1, 1991 · Hao Xiao, Ronald R. Marquardt, A. Frohlich

Journal of animal science

Q1 SJR score

44

Citations

2

Influential Citations

Full text

Semantic Scholar

Abstract

The hydrolysis of ochratoxin A (OA) and the corresponding formation of its hydrolysis product, alpha ochratoxin (O alpha), by ruminal digesta and in the rumen of hay-fed and grain-fed sheep were compared. Ruminal contents from sheep fed diets with hay or with grain hydrolyzed OA in vitro; the majority of the activity was associated with the particulate fraction of the ruminal contents. The rate of hydrolysis of OA by ruminal fluid that was adjusted to different pH values was not influenced (P greater than .6) by the pH of the samples (pH was from 5.5 to 7.0). Ruminal fluid obtained from hay-fed animals (pH 7.0) was able to hydrolyze OA in vitro and to produce the hydrolyzed product, O alpha, at a much greater rate (fivefold) than ruminal fluid obtained from grain-fed animals (pH 5.5) (P less than .01). Ochratoxin A was administered intraruminally at a concentration of .5 mg/kg of BW to hay-fed and grain-fed sheep. The half-lives for disappearance of OA from the rumen of sheep fed grain (normal feed intake, rumen pH 5.7), fed grain at a low level (30% of normal feed intake, pH 6.5), and fed hay (pH 7.1) were 3.6, 1.3, and .6 h, respectively. The results suggest that OA is hydrolyzed much faster in the rumen of sheep fed hay than in sheep fed grain, presumably because of the different ruminal microbial population, which in turn influenced the rate of hydrolysis of OA.

Non-RCT

Animal Study

Study Snapshot

Key takeawaySheep fed hay hydrolyze ochratoxin A more rapidly than those fed grain, likely due to a different ruminal microbial population.

PopulationOlder adults (50-71 years)

Sample size24

MethodsObservational

OutcomesBody Mass Index projections

ResultsSocial networks mitigate obesity in older groups.

Paper

Effect of a hay and a grain diet on the rate of hydrolysis of ochratoxin A in the rumen of sheep.

References

Preparation of Buffers for Use in Enzyme Studies

This paper provides accurate buffer preparation methods for enzymatic and histochemical studies, with pH values within ± 0.05 at 23°C and minimal deviation at 37°C.

Citations

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Toxin Degradation by Rumen Microorganisms: A Review

Rumen microorganisms can detoxify various toxins in animal feed, potentially improving ruminant health and production.

Prevention of ochratoxin A contamination of food and ochratoxin A detoxification by microorganisms - a review.

Recent developments in biological control of ochratoxin A contamination show promise in preventing contamination and detoxifying foods, reducing health risks.

Ochratoxin A: Toxicity, oxidative stress and metabolism.

Oxidative stress plays a critical role in the toxicity of ochratoxin A, and understanding its metabolism may help protect against its oxidative damage.

Bioavailability of aflatoxin B1 and ochratoxin A, but not fumonisin B1 or deoxynivalenol, is increased in starch-induced low ruminal pH in nonlactating dairy cows.

High-starch diets increase the bioavailability of ochratoxin A and aflatoxin B1 in nonlactating dairy cows, potentially increasing their toxic effects.

Influence of probiotic feed additives on rumen microflora of cattle

Probiotic feed additives show positive trends in protozoa growth in cannulated cows, but do not significantly affect rumen microflora development.

Ochratoxin A: Molecular Interactions, Mechanisms of Toxicity and Prevention at the Molecular Level

Ochratoxin A's toxic mechanism involves inhibition of protein synthesis, oxidative stress, DNA adduct formation, apoptosis, and cell cycle arrest, with potential for prevention or attenuation through drug and natural flavonoid displacement.

Detoksifikasi Mikotoksin Melalui Optimalisasi Fungsi Rumen dengan Pemberian Ragi (MYCOTOXIN DETOXIFICATION THROUGH OPTIMIZATION THE RUMEN FUNCTION BY YEAST)

Yeast supplementation in dairy cattle feed can reduce mycotoxins by optimizing rumen function and increasing ruminal protozoa, potentially improving animal performance and health.

Effect of indigenous mycobiota on ochratoxin A production by Aspergillus carbonarius isolated from soil

Different non-toxigenic fungal strains can significantly influence ochratoxin A production by Aspergillus carbonarius in soil, potentially reducing the risk of ochratoxin contamination in maize crops.