Empress Theodora: A Holy Mother

doi:10.1057/978-1-137-51315-1_2

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Empress Theodora: A Holy Mother

Published 2016 · Kriszta Kotsis

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Abstract

Empress Adelheid can legitimately be considered the most powerful ruling woman who lived between the reigns of Cleopatra of Egypt and Queen Elizabeth I of England. In the late tenth century, she ruled the Roman Empire alone on four separate occasions, independently of her emperor son and grandson. Her contemporaries called her consors regni; augusta praeclara, imperatrix augusta, and imperatores patres. Unusually for medieval ruling women, her maternal role was seen as equally important, as indicated by her other titles: imperatrix Adelheida, mater Mechtildis; Adheleida mater Ottonum; and matrem regnorum. Her main biographer, Abbot Odilo of Cluny, confirmed her governing and parental roles as of equivalent and complementary importance.

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Key takeawayEmpress Theodora, a powerful Roman Empire ruler in the late tenth century, was also a devoted mother, regarded as a model for other medieval women.

PopulationOlder adults (50-71 years)

Sample size24

MethodsObservational

OutcomesBody Mass Index projections

ResultsSocial networks mitigate obesity in older groups.

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Empress Theodora: A Holy Mother

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References

Defining Female Authority in Eighth-Century Byzantium: The Numismatic Images of the Empress Irene (797–802)

Empress Irene's gold coins present her as a reigning monarch and a personification of religious peace, while also conveying a novel iconophile message and casting her as an orthodox and philanthropic ruler within eighth-century Byzantium.

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Ninth-century Byzantium's miniatures serve as visual exegesis, revealing the importance of imagery in interpreting religious texts.

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Byzantine monetary affairs from 717 to 1081 reveal new chronologies, attributions, and trends in gold, silver, and copper coinage.

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Inlaid bronze doors from the Middle Byzantine period were created in Constantinople for Italian sites, with silver, gold, and enamel inlays.

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