In this chapter, we introduce the fundamental principles of quantum mechanics. We commence by discussing the famous Stern-Gerlach experiments for a particle with the spin 1∕2 as several key quantum mechanical phenomena may be well understood thereof. Using these very experiments as an example, we then illustrate how the basic principles are incorporated within the mathematical formalism of quantum mechanics. Subsequently, we generalize this mathematical scheme for more complicated systems. Finally, focusing on the harmonic oscillator as an example, we show the relation between an abstract and a specific approach to the formalism.

This chapter introduces the fundamental principles of quantum mechanics, using the Stern-Gerlach experiments as an example, and demonstrates how these principles are incorporated within the mathematical formalism for more complex systems.

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Foundations of Quantum Mechanics

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