Multipole, nonlinear and anharmonic effects on the optical-lattice-based clocks of Mg atoms are evaluated theoretically. Dipole polarizabilities, hyperpolarizabilities and multipolar polarizabilities for Mg atoms are calculated in the single-electron approximation with the use of analytical presentations for the wave and Green’s functions in the modified model-potential approach. For comparison, the data are also given for atoms of the group IIb elements (Zn, Cd, Hg).

Multipole, nonlinear, and anharmonic effects significantly impact optical-lattice-based clocks of Mg atoms, affecting their uncertainties.

Higher-order effects on uncertainties of clocks of Mg atoms in an optical lattice

Key Takeaway: Multipole, nonlinear, and anharmonic effects significantly impact optical-lattice-based clocks of Mg atoms, affecting their uncertainties.