the distinction between varna ("estate" or "order") and jdti ("caste") which all Indian languages make. Castes and elements of the caste system do exist outside the sub-continent, but the caste system is uniquely Indian. But our author is really concerned here with parallels to the Indian scheme of the four varnas. Mr. Jairazbhoy treats of foreign influence in all departments of ancient Indian life, but chiefly the artistic; and this carefully written book serves as a good advertisement to his forthcoming Oriental Influences in Western Art. THOMAS R. TRAUTMANN.

A History of Mediaeval Islam explores the influence of foreign cultures on ancient Indian life, particularly art, and serves as a good advertisement for its forthcoming Oriental Influences in Western Art.

A History of Mediaeval Islam. By J. J. Saunders. pp. xv + 219. Routledge and Kegan Paul. 1965. 32s.

Key Takeaway: A History of Mediaeval Islam explores the influence of foreign cultures on ancient Indian life, particularly art, and serves as a good advertisement for its forthcoming Oriental Influences in Western Art.