Paper
Hydroxychloroquine: From Malaria to Autoimmunity
Published Jan 8, 2011 · I. Ben-Zvi, S. Kivity, P. Langevitz
Clinical Reviews in Allergy & Immunology
522
Citations
11
Influential Citations
Abstract
Quinine was first recognized as a potent antimalarial agent hundreds of years ago. Since then, the beneficial effects of quinine and its more advanced synthetic forms, chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, have been increasingly recognized in a myriad of other diseases in addition to malaria. In recent years, antimalarials were shown to have various immunomodulatory effects, and currently have an established role in the management of rheumatic diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis, skin diseases, and in the treatment of chronic Q fever. Lately, additional metabolic, cardiovascular, antithrombotic, and antineoplastic effects of antimalarials were shown. In this review, we discuss the known various immunomodulatory mechanisms of antimalarials and the current evidence for their beneficial effects in various diseases and in potential novel applications.
Highly CitedHydroxychloroquine, a malaria drug, has shown immunomodulatory effects in various diseases, including rheumatic diseases, skin diseases, and chronic Q fever.
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