Rationale for the use of hydroxyurea as an anti-human immunodeficiency virus drug.

doi:10.1086/313851

Paper

Rationale for the use of hydroxyurea as an anti-human immunodeficiency virus drug.

Published Jun 1, 2000 · F. Lori, J. Lisziewicz

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America

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Abstract

Hydroxyurea has been extensively used in medical practice, mainly for treating chronic myelogenous leukemia, sickle cell anemia, and other diseases. In light of its ability to inhibit DNA synthesis and to induce cell cycle arrest through inhibition of ribonucleotide reductase, the effects of hydroxyurea on replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) have been investigated. In vitro hydroxyurea has been shown to block HIV-1 reverse transcription and/or replication in quiescent peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and macrophages. Hydroxyurea was also found to be synergistic with the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor didanosine and to inhibit HIV-1 replication in activated PBMC; this inhibition may be due to a reduction in deoxynucleoside triphosphate pool sizes. Finally, hydroxyurea has been shown to sensitize didanosine-resistant mutants. Hydroxyurea may therefore be useful for limiting the spread of didanosine-resistant HIV-1 variants. The favorable toxicity profile of hydroxyurea and the lack of significant overlapping toxicities with some of the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, as well as their distinct mechanisms of action, have provided further rationale for use of these agents in combination therapies.

Study Snapshot

Hydroxyurea effectively inhibits HIV-1 replication and may be used in combination with didanosine to limit the spread of didanosine-resistant variants.

PopulationOlder adults (50-71 years)

Sample size24

MethodsObservational

OutcomesBody Mass Index projections

ResultsSocial networks mitigate obesity in older groups.

Paper

Rationale for the use of hydroxyurea as an anti-human immunodeficiency virus drug.

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Citations

Oral disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs and immunosuppressants with antiviral potential, including SARS-CoV-2 infection: a review

Some immunosuppressants, such as hydroxychloroquine and baricitinib, have antiviral properties, making them a potential treatment choice for patients with coexisting rheumatological disorders and infections.

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