Repurposing metformin for the prevention of cancer and cancer recurrence

doi:10.1007/s00125-017-4372-6

Paper

Repurposing metformin for the prevention of cancer and cancer recurrence

Published Aug 3, 2017 · B. Heckman-Stoddard, A. Decensi, V. Sahasrabuddhe

Diabetologia

239

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Abstract

Multiple epidemiological studies have documented an association between metformin, used for treatment of type 2 diabetes, and reduced cancer incidence and mortality. Cell line models may not accurately reflect the effects of metformin in the clinical setting. Moreover, findings from animal model studies have been inconsistent, whilst those from more recent epidemiological studies have tempered the overall effect size. The purpose of this review is to examine metformin’s chemopreventive potential by outlining relevant mechanisms of action, the most recent epidemiologic evidence, and recently completed and ongoing clinical trials. Although repurposing drugs with excellent safety profiles is an appealing strategy for cancer prevention and treatment in the adjuvant setting, there is no substitute for well-executed, large randomised clinical trials to define efficacy and determine the populations that are most likely to benefit from an intervention. Thus, enthusiasm remains for understanding the role of metformin in cancer through ongoing clinical research.

Study Snapshot

Key takeawayMetformin shows potential in reducing cancer incidence and mortality, but large, randomized clinical trials are needed to confirm its efficacy and determine the most likely populations to benefit.

PopulationOlder adults (50-71 years)

Sample size24

MethodsObservational

OutcomesBody Mass Index projections

ResultsSocial networks mitigate obesity in older groups.

Repurposing metformin for the prevention of cancer and cancer recurrence

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