İNGİLTERE'DE YETİŞTİRİLEN SİYAH-ALACA SIĞIRLARIN SÜT VERİMİ ÖZELLİKLERİ ÜZERİNDE ARAŞTIRMALAR
Nihal Topaloğlu, H. Güneş
2005
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3
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Semantic Scholar
Key Takeaway Key Takeaway: Siyah-AIaca sigirarn 305 gunluk sut verim ozellikleri, gercek ve 305 gunluk sut verim ozellikleri, sutteki yag ve protein oranlar ile somatik h
Abstract
OZET Bu calisma, sigir yetistiriciligi bakimindan gelismis§ bir ulke olan Ingiltere'deki rastgele secilmis bes ayri ozel isletmede yetistirilen Siyah-AIaca sigirlarin laktasyon ve kuruda kalma sureleri, gercek ve 305 gunluk sut verimleri, sutteki yag ve protein oranlari ile somatik hucre sayilarinin belirlenmesi, bu verimler uzerinde bazi cevre faktorlerinin etkilerinin incelenmesi amaciyla yapilmistir. Arastirmanin materyalini 1993-2004 yillari arasinda yetistirilen Siyah-AIaca sigirlardan elde edilen verim degerleri olusturmustur. Arastirmada, laktasyon suresi, gercek ve 305 gunluk sut verimleri, sutteki yag ve protein oranlari ile somatik hucre sayisi icin 2514 ve kuruda kalma suresi icin 1847 verim degeri incelenmistir. Siyah-AIaca sigirlarin sut verim ozelliklerinin istatistik analizleri iyin Duncan-testi kullanilmistir. Incelenen sut verimi ozelliklerinden laktasyon ve kuruda kalma sureleri, gercek ve 305 gunluk sut verimleri, sutteki yag ve protein oranlari ile somatik hucre sayisi sirasi ile 324.32 gun, 67.18 gun. 7715.23 kg, 7218.62 kg, %4.03, %3.33 ve 138.00 ('000 hucre/ml) olarak belirlenmistir. Arastirmada, cevre faktorleri olarak ciftlikler, laktasyon siralari, yillar ve mevsimlerin etkileri incelenmistir. Sigirlarin laktasyon ve kuruda kalma sureleri, gercek ve 305 gunluk sut verimleri, sutteki yag ve protein oranlari ile somatik hucre sayilari uzerinde, ciftlik ve verim yilinin onemli (P<0.0l), gercek sut verimi ve somatik hucre sayisi uzerinde mevsimin, kuruda kalma suresi uzerinde ise laktasyon sirasinin onemsiz etkileri disinda, bu iki faktor de diger ozellikler uzerinde P<0.01 ve P<0.001 duzeylerinde onemli olarak bulunmustur. Bu arastirmada elde edilen sonuclar, isletmelerin sigir yetistiriciligi icin gerekli optimum kosullari saglayarak yuksek duzeyde verim elde ettiklerini gostermektedir. Hayvanlara uygulanan management ve kullanilan daha yuksek verimli damizlik materyal yillar arasinda daha yuksek verime ulasilmasini saglamistir. Anahtar kelimeler: Sigir, Siyah-AIaca, sut verimi, yag ve protein, somatik hucre, Ingiltere. ABSTRACT STUDIES ON MILK PRODUCTION TRAITS OF HOLSTEIN-FRIESIAN CATTLE IN ENGLAND This study was conducted to investigate the lactation and dry period durations, real and 305 days milk yields, milk fat and protein levels and somatic cell counts of Holstein-Friesian cattle in five randomly chosen private farms in England which have a developed cattle management policy. Also the effects of the individual farm environments on the above traits have been observed. The material of the study was the yield records of the Holstein-Friesian cattle between the years 1993-2004. During the study 1847 records were investigated for the dry period durations, 2514 records were examined for lactation period durations, real and 305 days milk yields, milk fat and protein and somatic cell counts. For the statistical analysis of the milk production traits the Duncan-test was used. The investigated milk yield traits of lactation and dry period durations, real and 305 days milk yields, milk fat and protein rates and milk somatic cell counts were 324.32 days. 67.18 days, 7715.23 kg, 7218.62 kg, 4.03%, 3.33% and 138.00 ('000 cells/ml), respectively. Effects of environmental factors such as the individual farm environments, lactation number, year and season on the yields were examined in the study. Lactation and dry period duration, real and 305 days milk yield, milk fat and protein rates and somatic cell counts were affected by the farm environment and yielding year significantly (P<0.01). where as season had an insignificant effect on the real milk yield and the somatic cell count whilst the lactation turn had an insignificant effect on the dry period duration. These two factors (season and lactation turn) had significant effects on other traits (P<0.01 and P<0.001). The results of this study have shown that the cattle breeding farms can obtain high level yields by providing optimal conditions to the animals. Management conditions and high quality breeders have enabled the farms to reach higher yields every passing year. Keywords: Cattle, Holstein-Friesian. milk production, milk components, somatic cell. England.