128 80 blood pressure
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Understanding 128/80 Blood Pressure: Insights from Recent Research
Global Blood Pressure Trends and Implications
Blood pressure is a critical health metric, with raised levels being a significant risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and chronic kidney disease. A comprehensive analysis of global blood pressure trends from 1975 to 2015 reveals significant insights into how blood pressure levels have evolved across different regions and populations1.
Global Averages and Regional Variations
In 2015, the global age-standardized mean systolic blood pressure was 127.0 mm Hg for men and 122.3 mm Hg for women, while the mean diastolic blood pressure was 78.7 mm Hg for men and 76.7 mm Hg for women1. These figures indicate that a blood pressure reading of 128/80 mm Hg falls slightly above the global average for systolic pressure but within the average range for diastolic pressure.
Trends Over Four Decades
Over the past four decades, high-income countries in the West and Asia Pacific have seen substantial decreases in both systolic and diastolic blood pressure, moving from some of the highest levels worldwide in 1975 to the lowest in 20151. Conversely, regions such as East and Southeast Asia, South Asia, Oceania, and sub-Saharan Africa have experienced increases in mean blood pressure levels1. This shift highlights the growing burden of hypertension in low-income and middle-income countries.
Intensive Blood Pressure Control in Specific Populations
The role of intensive blood pressure control has been particularly studied in patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and type 2 diabetes. A study following 950 subjects with type 2 diabetes over five years provides valuable insights into the benefits of maintaining lower blood pressure levels2.
Study Findings on Intensive Blood Pressure Control
Patients in the study who were subjected to intensive blood pressure control, achieving a mean blood pressure of 128/75 mm Hg, experienced a significant reduction in cardiovascular events compared to those under moderate control (137/81 mm Hg)2. Specifically, in patients with PAD, intensive treatment resulted in a marked decrease in cardiovascular events (13.6% vs. 38.7%)2. This suggests that maintaining a blood pressure around 128/80 mm Hg can be particularly beneficial for high-risk populations, such as those with diabetes and PAD.
Conclusion
A blood pressure reading of 128/80 mm Hg is slightly above the global average for systolic pressure but within the average range for diastolic pressure. Global trends indicate a shift in high blood pressure prevalence from high-income to low-income regions over the past four decades. Intensive blood pressure control, achieving levels around 128/75 mm Hg, has been shown to significantly reduce cardiovascular events in high-risk populations, underscoring the importance of maintaining optimal blood pressure levels for overall cardiovascular health.
Sources and full results
Most relevant research papers on this topic
Worldwide trends in blood pressure from 1975 to 2015: a pooled analysis of 1479 population-based measurement studies with 19·1 million participants
From 1975 to 2015, the highest worldwide blood pressure levels have shifted to central and eastern Europe, sub-Saharan Africa, and south Asia, with the global increase in the number of adults with raised blood pressure largely in low-income and middle-income countries.
Meta-Analysis
Rigorous Journal
Highly CitedIntensive Blood Pressure Control Reduces the Risk of Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Peripheral Arterial Disease and Type 2 Diabetes
Intensive blood pressure control to a mean of 128/75 mm Hg significantly reduces the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with peripheral arterial disease and type 2 diabetes.
RCT
Large Human TrialHighly CitedDefinition of 24hour ambulatory blood pressure valuescorresponding to office blood pressure values of 130/80 mmHg.
The normal 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure value for patients with office blood pressure 130/80 mmHg is 119/71 mmHg, with daytime BP 124/75 mmHg and nighttime BP 106/60 mmHg.
Observational StudyThe importance of accurate blood pressure measurement.
No, the patient does not have white-coat hypertension, as her blood pressure is accurately measured and her home readings are consistent with her office visits.
Case ReportHighly CitedRelationship Between Blood Pressure and Urinary Albumin Excretion in Development of Microalbuminuria
Elevated urinary albumin excretion rates precede the increase in systemic blood pressure during the development of microalbuminuria in insulin-dependent diabetic patients.
Observational StudyHighly CitedThe debate over the optimal blood pressure treatment target of less than 130/80 mmHg
The optimal blood pressure target of 130/80 mmHg as proposed by the 2017 ACC/AHA treatment guidelines is effective in lowering blood pressure and preventing cardiovascular complications, and should be followed until new data comes to the contrary.
Systematic Review24 hour ambulatory blood pressure values corresponding to office blood pressure value of 130/80 mm Hg.
This study identified target 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring values for treated hypertensive patients, which can contribute to risk stratification and treatment of hypertension in clinical practice.
Observational StudyCorrection to: 2017 ACC/AHA/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/AGS/APhA/ASH/ASPC/NMA/PCNA Guideline for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults: Executive Summary: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Clinical Practice Guid
The 2017 ACC/AHA/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/AGS/APhA/ASH/ASPC/NMA/PCNA Guideline for the Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults has been updated to reflect the changes in the 2017 ACC/A
Very Rigorous JournalHighly CitedWhat should be the blood pressure target for diabetic patients?
Lowering blood pressure to a very low goal in diabetic patients is feasible, but the benefits of a lower target remain unclear.
Systematic ReviewSYSTOLIC BLOOD PRESSURE ABOVE 128 MMHG PREDICTS ATRIAL FIBRILLATION IN APPARENTLY HEALTHY MEN; A 35-YEAR FOLLOW-UP STUDY: 1A.06
In apparently healthy middle-aged men, systolic blood pressure >128 mmHg is a strong long-term predictor of atrial fibrillation.
Observational StudyRigorous Journal