How to advancement tire pyrolysis oil properties

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Advancing Tire Pyrolysis Oil Properties

Introduction to Tire Pyrolysis Oil (TPO)

Waste tire pyrolysis oil (TPO) is gaining attention due to its potential as an alternative fuel source. However, its application is limited by high impurity content and poor fuel performance, including low cetane number, low flash point, and high density. This article explores various methods to enhance the properties of TPO, making it a more viable fuel option.

Impurity Reduction in TPO

Hydrotreatment Techniques

Hydrotreatment is a key method for improving TPO by reducing sulfur and nitrogen content. Using a combination of tetralin and hydrogen, researchers have found that noble metal catalysts like Pt/C are highly effective. The optimal conditions (430°C, 2 hours, 15 wt% Pt/C, and 6 MPa H2) resulted in significantly lower nitrogen (0.09 wt%) and sulfur (15 ppm) contents, and higher heating values ranging from 42.42 to 44.63 MJ/kg.

Catalytic Pyrolysis

Advanced catalysts such as activated alumina, calcium hydroxide, and zeolites have been tested to improve TPO quality. These catalysts help in reducing the concentration of aromatic compounds and enhancing the fuel properties. For instance, activated alumina produced a liquid oil with properties similar to conventional diesel, including viscosity (1.9 cSt), density (0.9 g/cm³), and higher heating values (42-43.5 MJ/kg).

Enhancing Fuel Properties

Blending with Diesel

Blending TPO with conventional diesel can improve its fuel properties and reduce pollutant emissions. This method helps in achieving a more balanced fuel composition, making TPO a more practical option for transportation and energy production.

Co-Pyrolysis with Waste Engine Oil

Co-pyrolysis of TPO with waste engine oil (WEO) has shown promising results. The addition of WEO improves heat transfer efficiency and increases the yield of valuable products like H2 and D-limonene. This method also reduces the main pyrolysis temperature by 50°C, enhancing the overall efficiency of the process.

High-Value Utilization of TPO

Separation and Purification

The separation and purification of valuable chemicals like limonene from TPO can significantly enhance its economic value. Limonene, a widely-used fine chemical, can be obtained in higher concentrations by adding basic additives like NaOH during the pyrolysis process.

Production of High-Quality Carbon Materials

The pyrolytic char produced during the process can be converted into activated carbon with a high specific surface area, making it useful for various industrial applications. This adds another layer of economic viability to the pyrolysis process.

Conclusion

Advancing the properties of tire pyrolysis oil involves a combination of impurity reduction, fuel property enhancement, and high-value utilization. Techniques like hydrotreatment, catalytic pyrolysis, and co-pyrolysis with waste engine oil have shown significant promise. By optimizing these methods, TPO can become a more viable and economically attractive alternative fuel source.