Alb medicine
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The Role of Albumin (ALB) in Medicine: A Comprehensive Overview
Serum Albumin as a Biomarker in Clinical Practice
Serum Albumin Functions and Prognostic Value
Serum albumin (ALB) is a crucial protein in human physiology, primarily responsible for maintaining plasma oncotic pressure and volume, transporting various substances, and exerting antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Its prognostic significance is well-documented in conditions such as liver disease and malabsorption syndromes. Low serum ALB levels are associated with poor prognosis in numerous clinical settings, including emergency medicine, cardiovascular diseases, COVID-19, nephrology, oncology, and autoimmune rheumatic diseases. Clinicians are encouraged to use serum ALB levels to assess the efficacy of specific therapies in both hospitalized and chronic follow-up patients1.
Homeopathic Medicine Arsenicum Album (Ars. alb) in COVID-19
Prophylactic and Immune-Boosting Properties
Arsenicum album (Ars. alb), a homeopathic medicine, has been recommended by the Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India, as a prophylactic and immune booster against COVID-19. Laboratory and clinical studies suggest that highly diluted Ars. alb. can modulate immune responses, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cytokine secretion, and decrease interleukin-6 production in macrophages. These properties may help maintain an optimal immune response and prevent infection, although further preclinical and clinical studies are needed to confirm these findings2.
Clinical Use of Human Albumin (ALB)
Rationality and Efficacy in Clinical Settings
A study assessing the use of human albumin in 200 patients (100 surgical and 100 internal medicine) highlighted the need for rational and effective application. The study found that adherence to principles of safety, economy, and rational drug use is essential for achieving the best therapeutic outcomes with human albumin3.
Albendazole (ALB) in Mass Drug Administration
Impact of COVID-19 on Treatment Coverage
The coverage of albendazole (ALB) in mass drug administration (MDA) programs in Ekiti State, Nigeria, was significantly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic. The reach of the drug decreased during the pandemic but showed some recovery in 2021. The study underscores the importance of understanding health-system-related issues and individual perceptions to improve MDA coverage4.
Daratumumab in AL Amyloidosis
Efficacy in Heavily Pretreated Patients
Daratumumab, a CD38-directed monoclonal antibody, has shown high efficacy in patients with heavily pretreated AL amyloidosis. The treatment resulted in a 76% overall hematologic response rate, with rapid and deep responses observed within a month. The therapy was well-tolerated, even among patients with cardiac involvement, making it a promising option for this patient population5.
Homeopathic Medicines in Asymptomatic COVID-19
Comparative Effectiveness in Standard Care
An exploratory trial compared the effectiveness of homeopathic medicines, including Arsenicum album (Ars. alb), Camphora (Camph.), and Bryonia alba (Bry. alb.), in asymptomatic COVID-19 patients. The study found marginal statistical significance for Bry. alb. in increasing the number of patients who became RT-PCR negative by day 15, suggesting potential benefits that warrant further investigation6.
Biomonitoring Human Albumin Adducts
Historical and Future Perspectives
Human albumin forms adducts with various carcinogens and therapeutic drugs, serving as biomarkers in molecular epidemiology studies. These adducts help understand the generation of reactive metabolites and predict drug toxicities. Advances in analytical technologies, such as mass spectrometry, have enhanced the identification and quantification of albumin-toxicant adducts, providing valuable insights into drug safety and environmental exposures7.
Biocompatibility and Biodegradation of Alb-PRF
Innovations in Guided Bone Regeneration
A new denatured plasma membrane combined with liquid platelet-rich fibrin (Alb-PRF) has shown improved biocompatibility and extended degradation properties compared to standard PRF. This innovation holds promise for use as a biological barrier membrane in guided bone regeneration (GBR) procedures and as a filler material in aesthetic medicine8.
Prognostic Role of Serum ALB in Oropharyngeal Cancer
Pre-Treatment Serum ALB as a Prognostic Indicator
In patients with oropharyngeal cancer (OPC), pre-treatment serum ALB levels have been identified as an independent prognostic indicator for overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Lower ALB levels were significantly associated with worse clinical outcomes, highlighting its value in prognostic stratification and treatment optimization for OPC patients9.
Conclusion
Albumin (ALB) plays a multifaceted role in medicine, from serving as a critical biomarker in various diseases to being utilized in innovative therapeutic and diagnostic applications. Its significance spans across different medical fields, emphasizing the need for continued research and clinical application to optimize patient outcomes.
Sources and full results
Most relevant research papers on this topic
Serum Albumin Levels: A Biomarker to Be Repurposed in Different Disease Settings in Clinical Practice
Low serum albumin levels are a strong biomarker for poor prognosis in various diseases, making it a valuable tool for assessing therapy efficacy in hospitalized patients and chronic follow-up.
Literature ReviewHomoeopathic Medicine Arsenicum album, the prophylactic/immune booster in COVID-19 pandemic
Homoeopathic medicine Arsenicum album (Ars. alb) shows potential as a prophylactic immune booster for COVID-19 prevention, maintaining an optimal immune response in the human body.
Literature ReviewAnalysis of 5%human albumin(ALB) used in 200 cases
Human albumin application in our hospital is far from perfect, and only through effective,safe,economical, and rational use can optimal efficacy be achieved.
RCTA Post-Lockdown Assessment of Albendazole Treatment Coverage in Mass Drug Administration Campaigns Implemented Before and During COVID-19 Pandemic in Ekiti, Southwest Nigeria
During the COVID-19 pandemic, albendazole treatment coverage in mass drug administration programs in Ekiti State, Nigeria, significantly reduced, with most missing doses due to drug distributors not coming or not hearing about MDAs.
Observational StudyDaratumumab yields rapid and deep hematologic responses in patients with heavily pretreated AL amyloidosis.
Daratumumab effectively produces rapid and deep hematologic responses in heavily pretreated AL amyloidosis patients without unexpected toxicity.
Case Report
Highly CitedComparative Effectiveness of Pre-Identified Homeopathic Medicines in Asymptomatic COVID-19 Individuals Receiving Standard Care-An Open-Label, Randomized, Controlled Exploratory Trial.
Bryonia alba 30C may be associated with an increased number of patients becoming RT-PCR negative for COVID-19 by day 15.
RCTBiomonitoring Human Albumin Adducts: The Past, the Present, and the Future
Human albumin adducts can be used to assess potential drug toxicity and inform cancer risk assessment, with advances in analytical mass spectrometry technologies.
Highly CitedIn vivo evaluation of the biocompatibility and biodegradation of a new denatured plasma membrane combined with liquid PRF (Alb-PRF)
The Alb-PRF membrane shows improved membrane stability, potentially benefiting guided bone regeneration and esthetic medicine applications.
Non-RCT
Animal StudyPrognostic role of pre-treatment serum ALB in Patients with oropharyngeal cancer: A retrospective cohort study
Pre-treatment serum albumin levels are an independent prognostic indicator for disease-free survival and overall survival in oropharyngeal cancer patients.
Observational StudyPromotion of Rational Use of Albumin Preparations during Surgery
Promoting the proper use of albumin preparations during surgery significantly decreased the use of these preparations during surgery and overdosed patients, with concentrated preparations limited to low weight children.
Observational Study