Albuterol 90 mcg
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Efficacy and Safety of Albuterol 90 mcg in Asthma Management
Introduction to Albuterol 90 mcg
Albuterol, a short-acting beta2-agonist (SABA), is commonly used for the relief of bronchospasm in conditions such as asthma. The 90 mcg dose is a standard measure for both metered-dose inhalers (MDIs) and multidose dry powder inhalers (MDPIs). This article synthesizes recent research on the efficacy and safety of albuterol 90 mcg in various inhaler forms for pediatric and adult asthma patients.
Efficacy of Albuterol 90 mcg in Pediatric Asthma
Albuterol MDPI vs. Albuterol HFA
Studies have shown that albuterol delivered via a multidose dry powder inhaler (MDPI) is effective in improving pulmonary function in children with persistent asthma. In a phase 2 study, children aged 4-11 years with asthma showed significant improvements in forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) when treated with albuterol MDPI 90 mcg compared to placebo1 9. The efficacy of albuterol MDPI was comparable to that of albuterol hydrofluoroalkane (HFA) inhalers, with both forms significantly improving FEV1 over a 6-hour period post-dose1 9.
Chronic-Dose Efficacy
In a phase 3 study, children treated with albuterol MDPI 90 mcg four times daily for three weeks experienced significant improvements in FEV1 compared to placebo. The benefits were evident within 5 minutes of dosing and lasted for several hours, demonstrating the rapid and sustained efficacy of albuterol MDPI2.
Safety of Albuterol 90 mcg in Pediatric Asthma
Adverse Events and Tolerability
Both albuterol MDPI and HFA were generally well tolerated in pediatric patients. No new safety concerns were noted, and the safety profile of albuterol MDPI was consistent with that of albuterol HFA1 2 9. Common adverse events were mild and included symptoms such as tremors and palpitations, which are typical for beta2-agonists.
Comparative Studies in Adults and Adolescents
Albuterol-Budesonide Combination
A recent study compared the efficacy of a fixed-dose combination of albuterol and budesonide to albuterol alone in patients with moderate-to-severe asthma. The combination therapy significantly reduced the risk of severe asthma exacerbations compared to albuterol alone, highlighting the added benefit of addressing both bronchoconstriction and inflammation5 6.
Long-Term Efficacy
In a 12-week study comparing albuterol delivered via the Spiros dry powder inhaler (DPI) and a metered-dose inhaler (MDI), both methods were found to be equally effective in improving FEV1 parameters in patients with mild to moderate asthma. The study confirmed that both inhaler types were superior to placebo and well tolerated over the long term4.
Conclusion
Albuterol 90 mcg, whether delivered via MDPI or HFA, is effective and safe for managing asthma in both children and adults. The rapid onset and sustained efficacy make it a reliable option for acute relief of asthma symptoms. Additionally, combining albuterol with an inhaled corticosteroid like budesonide can further reduce the risk of severe exacerbations, offering a comprehensive approach to asthma management.
Sources and full results
Most relevant research papers on this topic
Dose-Ranging Efficacy and Safety Study of Albuterol Multidose Dry Powder Inhaler (MDPI) vs Albuterol Hydrofluoroalkane (HFA) and Placebo MDPI in Children With Asthma
Albuterol MDPI significantly improves pulmonary function in children with asthma, with similar effects to albuterol HFA, and its safety profile is consistent with that of albuterol HFA.
RCT
Rigorous JournalEfficacy and Safety of Albuterol Multidose Dry Powder Inhaler (MDPI) Versus Placebo in Children With Asthma
Albuterol MDPI significantly improves pulmonary function in pediatric asthma patients compared to placebo, with clinical effects evident within 5 minutes and maintained for over 2 hours.
RCTRigorous JournalTwo puffs of 90 microg albuterol prior to 3% saline sputum induction results in less FEV-1 decline than single concentration 25 mg/ml methacholine challenge.
Two puffs of 90 microg albuterol before 3% saline sputum induction result in less FEV-1 decline than single concentration 25 mg/mL methacholine challenge, potentially reducing bronchospasm risks.
Non-RCTComparative efficacy and safety of albuterol sulfate Spiros inhaler and albuterol metered-dose inhaler in asthma.
The Spiros dry powder inhaler and albuterol metered-dose inhaler are both well-tolerated and effective in treating moderate asthma patients.
RCTEfficacy and safety of as-needed albuterol/budesonide versus albuterol in adults and children aged ≥4 years with moderate-to-severe asthma: rationale and design of the randomised, double-blind, active-controlled MANDALA study
As-needed albuterol/budesonide versus albuterol as rescue therapy effectively reduces asthma exacerbations and improves bronchoconstriction control in adults and children aged 4 years with moderate-to-severe asthma.
RCT
Large Human TrialRigorous JournalAlbuterol-Budesonide Fixed-Dose Combination Rescue Inhaler for Asthma.
A fixed-dose combination of 180 g of albuterol and 160 g of budesonide significantly reduces the risk of severe asthma exacerbation compared to albuterol alone in patients with uncontrolled moderate-to-severe asthma.
RCTLarge Human TrialRigorous JournalEfficacy of albuterol in the management of bronchiolitis.
Albuterol is as effective as oral placebo in managing bronchiolitis in infants, with past studies not considering change in infant state and using a truly inactive placebo group.
RCT
Highly CitedDose-Ranging and Cumulative Dose Studies of Albuterol Sulfate MDI in Co-Suspension Delivery™ Technology (AS MDI; PT007) in Patients with Asthma: the ASPEN and ANTORA Trials
AS MDI 180 g is an equivalent dose to Proventil for bronchodilation in patients with asthma, supporting its selection for Phase III clinical trials.
RCTRigorous JournalAlbuterol multidose dry powder inhaler and albuterol hydrofluoroalkane versus placebo in children with persistent asthma.
Albuterol MDPI 90 and 180 g and HFA 180 g both significantly improved FEV1 levels in children with persistent asthma, while HFA 90 g was slightly less effective.
RCTPharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, Efficacy, and Safety of Albuterol (Salbuterol) Multi-dose Dry-Powder Inhaler and ProAir® Hydrofluoroalkane for the Treatment of Persistent Asthma: Results of Two Randomized Double-Blind Studies
Albuterol multi-dose dry-powder inhaler and ProAir HFA are comparable in bronchodilatory efficacy and pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic profiles, with a similar safety profile.
RCTRigorous Journal