Atenolol 25 mg tablet
Pro Research Analysisby 
Searched over 200M research papers
Consensus Meter
Atenolol 25 mg Tablet: Pharmacokinetics, Dosage, and Clinical Implications
Pharmacokinetics of Atenolol 25 mg Tablets
Atenolol, a cardioselective beta-blocker, is commonly used for treating hypertension and angina pectoris. The pharmacokinetics of atenolol are crucial for understanding its efficacy and safety. A study comparing different formulations of atenolol, including a 25 mg immediate-release tablet, found that the immediate-release form had better bioavailability compared to gastroretentive formulations. The absorption of atenolol is dose-proportional across a range of 25 to 150 mg, indicating consistent pharmacokinetics within this dosage range.
Dosage and Administration
Dose Proportionality and Absorption
Research indicates that the absorption of atenolol is consistent across various doses, including 25 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg, and 150 mg. This consistency suggests that the pharmacokinetic profile of atenolol does not significantly change with different doses, making it a reliable medication for dose adjustments.
Tablet Splitting and Dosage Accuracy
Splitting atenolol tablets to achieve a 25 mg dose can lead to significant variability in the actual dose received. Studies have shown that splitting tablets with a knife or a pill cutter results in a high degree of dispersion, which can compromise the effectiveness of the treatment . This variability underscores the importance of using precisely formulated 25 mg tablets rather than relying on split higher-dose tablets.
Clinical Implications
Hypertension and Angina Pectoris
Atenolol is effective in reducing blood pressure and managing angina pectoris. Clinical trials have demonstrated that atenolol significantly reduces systolic and diastolic blood pressure across various age groups, with a favorable risk-to-benefit ratio. For angina pectoris, atenolol has been shown to decrease the frequency of anginal attacks and improve exercise tolerance, particularly at higher doses.
Ocular Hypotensive Effects
Atenolol also exhibits ocular hypotensive effects, making it a potential adjunct therapy for glaucoma. Studies have shown that a 25 mg dose of atenolol can reduce intraocular pressure, although the effect is more pronounced at higher doses.
Formulation and Stability
Extemporaneous Preparation
In regions where 25 mg tablets are not available, pharmacists can prepare 25 mg capsules from higher-dose tablets. This method ensures accurate dosing and maintains the chemical stability and dissolution profile of atenolol. Such preparations are particularly useful for patients requiring precise dose adjustments due to renal or hepatic conditions.
Controlled Release Formulations
Innovative formulations like controlled porosity osmotic pump tablets have been developed to provide a sustained release of atenolol. These formulations aim to maintain therapeutic plasma levels over an extended period, potentially improving patient compliance and therapeutic outcomes.
Conclusion
Atenolol 25 mg tablets are a reliable and effective option for managing hypertension and angina pectoris. The pharmacokinetic profile of atenolol supports its use across a range of doses, and precise 25 mg formulations are essential for ensuring consistent therapeutic effects. While tablet splitting can lead to dose variability, extemporaneous preparations and controlled release formulations offer viable alternatives for achieving accurate dosing.
Sources and full results
Most relevant research papers on this topic