batteries without rare earth metals

Introduction

The search for alternatives to batteries that do not rely on rare earth metals is driven by the need to reduce dependency on these scarce and often environmentally damaging resources. This synthesis explores the current research on batteries, particularly focusing on the use and recovery of rare earth metals in Nickel-Metal Hydride (NiMH) batteries and the potential for alternative battery technologies.

Key Insights

High Rare Earth Content in NiMH Batteries:
- NiMH batteries contain significant amounts of rare earth metals such as La, Ce, Pr, and Nd, which are crucial for their performance in storing and rapidly desorbing hydrogen for high power and quick recharge .
Recovery and Recycling of Rare Earth Metals:
- Various hydrometallurgical processes have been developed to recover rare earth metals from spent NiMH batteries, achieving high recovery rates through methods such as sulfuric acid leaching and selective precipitation .
Impact of Rare Earth Additives on Battery Performance:
- Adding rare earth oxides to NiMH batteries can significantly improve their performance, particularly in high-temperature applications, by enhancing charge efficiency and extending battery life.
Challenges with Rare Earth Metal Dependency:
- The growing use of NiMH batteries, especially in hybrid and electric vehicles, increases the demand for rare earth metals, highlighting the need for efficient recycling processes and alternative battery technologies .

Conclusion

NiMH batteries heavily rely on rare earth metals for their functionality, particularly in high-demand applications like hybrid and electric vehicles. While efficient recycling processes can recover these metals, the dependency on rare earth elements remains a significant challenge. Future research and development should focus on finding alternative battery technologies that do not rely on rare earth metals to ensure sustainable and environmentally friendly energy storage solutions.

Batteries without rare earth metals

Summary

Introduction

Key Insights

Conclusion

Sources and full results

Rare earths recovery from NiMH spent batteries

This study demonstrates that 80% of rare earths can be recovered from spent NiMH batteries using a hydrometallurgical process, enabling the reuse of valuable metals like nickel and cobalt.

Process optimization and kinetics for leaching of rare earth metals from the spent Ni-metal hydride batteries.

Leaching of rare earth metals from spent Ni-MH batteries can effectively recycle valuable metals and reduce environmental impact.

Rare Earths in Rechargeable Batteries

Rare earths in nickel-metal hydride batteries play a crucial role in providing high power and quick recharge for hybrid car electric motors and consumer uses.

Effect of rare earth oxide additives on the performance of NiMH batteries

Addition of rare earth oxides to NiMH batteries significantly improves battery performance and service life, particularly in high-temperature applications like electric vehicles and hybrid vehicles.

Requirement for metals of electric vehicle batteries

Electric vehicle batteries require seven potentially scarce or hazardous metals, providing datasets for life-cycle assessments and material availability assessments.

Recovery of Rare Earth Oxide from Waste NiMH Batteries by Simple Wet Chemical Valorization Process

This study successfully recovered rare earth oxide (REM) from waste NiMH batteries using a simple wet chemical valorization process, providing a potential secondary resource for rare earth metals.

Impact of Rare Earth Additions on Transition Metal Oxides as Negative Electrodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Addition of rare earth elements to transition metal oxides decreases working potential but lowers specific capacity, making them unsuitable for practical use in lithium-ion batteries.

Recovery of rare earths and base metals from spent nickel-metal hydride batteries by sequential sulphuric acid leaching and selective precipitations

This study presents a hydrometallurgical process for recovering rare earths and base metals from spent NiMH batteries, with potential for 99% recovery of rare earths and 99% recovery of base metals.

Hydrometallurgical process for rare earth elements recovery from spent Ni-HM batteries

This study demonstrates a hydrometallurgical process for recovering rare earth elements from spent Ni-HM batteries, achieving 96% recovery for La, Ce, and Nd at room temperature, with Ni and Co separation using an electrochemical reactor.

Recovery of rare earths from acid leach solutions of spent nickel-metal hydride batteries using solvent extraction

The primary amine extractant N1923 effectively extracts rare earths from spent nickel-metal hydride batteries, achieving 99.98% recovery and good selectivity over base metals.

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