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These studies suggest that high-protein snacks such as soy-enriched snacks, Greek yogurt, and whole food snacks are effective for appetite control, satiety, and improved body composition, while also providing balanced nutrition and health benefits for various populations.
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Soy-enriched high protein snacks have shown significant benefits in reducing appetite and improving body composition, particularly in women with normal-weight obesity (NWO). A study involving 107 women with NWO demonstrated that consuming a soy-enriched high protein snack led to a notable decrease in appetite, energy intake, carbohydrate intake, waist circumference, and body fat percentage over six months. Additionally, there was a significant increase in skeletal muscle mass compared to those consuming low-protein snacks. This suggests that soy-enriched high protein snacks can be an effective strategy for improving body composition and controlling appetite.
High-protein yogurt has been found to be an excellent snack for improving appetite control and reducing subsequent food intake. In a study with 20 healthy women, consuming a high-protein yogurt snack in the afternoon led to greater reductions in hunger and delayed the initiation of the next meal compared to high-fat snacks like crackers and chocolate. The yogurt snack also resulted in fewer calories consumed at dinner. Another study confirmed that high-protein yogurt, especially with 24 grams of protein, significantly reduced hunger, increased fullness, and delayed subsequent eating more effectively than lower protein snacks. These findings highlight yogurt as a potent low-calorie, high-protein snack option.
For diabetic patients, high-protein snacks can help manage blood glucose and insulin levels. A study involving diabetic patients showed that high-protein snacks with enhanced isolated soy protein led to a slower increase in postprandial blood glucose and lower insulin secretion compared to carbohydrate-rich snacks like white bread. This indicates that high-protein snacks are a healthier alternative for diabetic patients, providing balanced nutrition without rapidly increasing blood glucose levels.
High-protein soy snacks have also been beneficial for adolescents, improving appetite control, satiety, and diet quality. A study with 31 healthy adolescents found that high-protein soy snacks reduced appetite more effectively than high-fat snacks and delayed eating initiation. These snacks also led to higher protein consumption and fewer high-fat/high-sugar evening snacks, suggesting they can help improve overall diet quality and control food intake in young people.
For individuals with type 2 diabetes, a low-carbohydrate protein-rich bedtime snack, such as eggs, has been shown to lower fasting glucose levels and improve insulin sensitivity compared to high-carbohydrate snacks like yogurt. This suggests that low-carbohydrate, high-protein snacks can be particularly beneficial for managing fasting glucose levels in diabetic patients.
A ready-to-eat expanded snack made from whole amarantin transgenic maize and black common bean has been developed to provide high nutritional and antioxidant value. This snack is low in calories but high in protein, dietary fiber, and phenolics, making it a healthy alternative to traditional high-calorie snacks. It can be used for health promotion and chronic disease prevention due to its high-quality protein content and low energy density.
For patients undergoing hemodialysis, high-protein whole food snacks can help improve nutritional status. A study found that consuming a high-protein snack post-hemodialysis was associated with higher serum albumin levels and improved protein catabolic rate, indicating better nutritional outcomes.
In summary, various high-protein snacks, including soy-enriched snacks, high-protein yogurt, and low-carbohydrate protein-rich options, have been shown to effectively control appetite, improve body composition, and manage blood glucose levels. These snacks are beneficial for different populations, including women with normal-weight obesity, healthy individuals, diabetic patients, adolescents, and hemodialysis patients. Incorporating these snacks into the diet can provide significant health benefits while maintaining a low-calorie intake.
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