Why do we have to brush our teeth?
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The Importance of Brushing Your Teeth: A Comprehensive Overview
Oral Hygiene and Overall Health
Maintaining effective oral hygiene is crucial for overall health and quality of life. Regular tooth brushing is a fundamental practice to prevent dental caries (tooth decay) and periodontal diseases (gum diseases like gingivitis and periodontitis) . These conditions can lead to pain, difficulties in eating and speaking, low self-esteem, and even tooth loss, which may require surgical intervention.
Prevention of Dental Plaque and Gingivitis
Dental plaque is the primary cause of tooth decay and gum disease. Tooth brushing helps in the mechanical removal of plaque from the surfaces of the teeth, which is essential for preventing these conditions . Studies have shown that brushing your teeth at least twice a day significantly improves plaque control and reduces the risk of gingivitis. Additionally, interdental cleaning devices like floss and interdental brushes can further enhance plaque removal, especially in areas that a toothbrush cannot reach .
Frequency and Timing of Tooth Brushing
There is a consensus in the literature that meticulous tooth brushing once per day is sufficient to maintain oral health and prevent caries and periodontal diseases. However, due to the difficulty most people have in achieving sufficient plaque removal with once-daily brushing, brushing twice daily is generally recommended. The optimal timing of brushing (before or after meals) is less clear, but brushing after meals can help eliminate food particles and reduce the impact of sugars on the teeth.
Benefits of Interdental Cleaning
Interdental cleaning devices, such as floss and interdental brushes, are often recommended in addition to tooth brushing. These tools are particularly effective in reducing gingivitis and plaque when used correctly . Interdental brushes, in particular, have been found to be more effective than floss in reducing gingivitis . However, the evidence for their effectiveness in reducing plaque compared to floss is inconsistent .
Risks of Infrequent Brushing
Infrequent tooth brushing is associated with a higher risk of developing new carious lesions. A systematic review and meta-analysis have shown that individuals who brush their teeth less frequently are at greater risk for dental caries. This highlights the importance of maintaining a regular tooth brushing routine to prevent tooth decay.
Potential Harm from Tooth Brushing
While tooth brushing is generally beneficial, it can cause harm if done incorrectly. Overzealous brushing, especially after consuming acidic foods or drinks, can lead to enamel wear, gingival recession, and dentine hypersensitivity. It is important to use the correct brushing technique and to avoid brushing immediately after an erosive challenge to minimize these risks.
Conclusion
Brushing your teeth is a simple yet essential practice for maintaining oral health. It helps prevent dental caries and periodontal diseases by removing plaque and reducing gingivitis. Brushing twice daily, combined with the use of interdental cleaning devices, offers the best protection against these conditions. However, it is important to use the correct brushing technique to avoid potential harm. Regular dental check-ups and personalized advice from a dentist can further enhance the effectiveness of your oral hygiene routine.
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