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These studies suggest that stroke can cause death, with severe cases often resulting in mortality due to central nervous system damage and other complications.
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Stroke is a significant global health issue, ranking as the second leading cause of death worldwide . The annual mortality rate from stroke is approximately 5.5 million, highlighting its severe impact on public health. Despite advancements in medical care, the absolute number of stroke-related deaths has increased over the past few decades, particularly in low- and middle-income countries .
From 1990 to 2010, the age-standardized incidence of stroke decreased in high-income countries but increased in low- and middle-income countries. Mortality rates have also decreased in both high-income and low- and middle-income countries, but the absolute number of stroke-related deaths remains high. In 2010, there were approximately 5.9 million stroke-related deaths globally, with a significant portion occurring in people younger than 75 years.
The primary causes of death in stroke patients are central nervous system-related issues such as central respiratory and circulatory failure and brain herniation, followed by multisystemic causes. Sudden death, defined as death occurring within 24 hours of symptom onset, accounts for 10-20% of all sudden deaths and is often due to primary intracerebral or subarachnoid hemorrhage . Cardiovascular comorbidities and autonomic imbalances post-stroke also contribute to sudden death.
Several independent risk factors increase the likelihood of death in stroke patients, including brain herniation, multiple organ failure, dyslipidemia, lung infections, mechanical ventilation, hypoproteinemia, hypertension, and pneumonia. Effective prevention strategies focus on managing modifiable risk factors such as hypertension, elevated lipids, diabetes, smoking, low physical activity, unhealthy diet, and obesity.
In summary, stroke is a major cause of death globally, with significant mortality rates particularly in low- and middle-income countries. The primary causes of death in stroke patients are related to central nervous system damage and cardiovascular complications. Effective management of risk factors and timely medical intervention are crucial in reducing stroke-related mortality.
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