How is celiac disease diagnosed and treated?
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Celiac disease (CD) is an autoimmune disorder triggered by dietary gluten in genetically predisposed individuals, affecting the small intestine and presenting with a range of symptoms. The diagnosis and treatment of CD have evolved with advances in medical understanding and technology.
Key Insights on Diagnosis and Treatment of Celiac Disease:
- Celiac disease is diagnosed through serologic testing for celiac-specific antibodies and confirmed by duodenal mucosal biopsies, both of which should be performed while the patient is on a gluten-containing diet .
- The presence of HLA-DQ2 or HLA-DQ8 genotypes is supportive of a CD diagnosis, and in certain cases, a diagnosis can be made without a biopsy, especially in children .
- A strict gluten-free diet (GFD) is the primary treatment for CD, but adherence can be challenging due to the diet's cost, social isolation, and not always being effective in controlling symptoms or intestinal damage .
- Non-responsive celiac disease is common, particularly in adults, and may require additional investigation to ensure correct diagnosis, adherence to the GFD, and to rule out associated disorders or complications .
- There is a need for improved strategies for the detection of CD and the development of new therapies beyond the gluten-free diet due to the incomplete response of many patients to the GFD .
Conclusion:
The diagnosis of celiac disease relies on a combination of serological tests and intestinal biopsies, with consideration of genetic predisposition. Treatment is primarily through a gluten-free diet, although this approach can be difficult for patients to maintain and is not always completely effective. There is an ongoing need for improved diagnostic methods and alternative treatments to address the challenges faced by patients with celiac disease.
Sources and full results
Most relevant research papers on this topic
9
Celiac disease: diagnosis and management.
9
40 Citations
2014