Definition of impact
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Understanding the Definition of Impact
The Evolving Meaning of Impact in Modern Contexts
The term "impact" has undergone significant changes in its meaning and usage over time. Originally, it referred to a physical collision or forceful contact between objects, such as the striking of a hammer on an anvil or the collision of cars . However, in contemporary discourse, the term has expanded to encompass a broader range of influences and effects, often in more abstract or metaphorical contexts .
Impact in Medical and Academic Publishing
In the realm of medical and academic publishing, the definition of "impact" is particularly nebulous. It can refer to the immediate, albeit transient, influence of a groundbreaking paper, or the longer-term effects of research being cited and adopted by others. This duality highlights the complexity of measuring impact, as both immediate visibility and sustained influence are considered under the same criteria.
Defining Research Impact
Research impact is a multifaceted concept that varies across disciplines and contexts. A systematic review identified four main types of definitions:
- Positive changes or effects that research evidence can bring about when integrated into policies.
- Measurable outcomes of research.
- Bibliometric measures.
- Use-based definitions.
These definitions are underpinned by constructs related to contribution, change, avenues, and levels of impact, emphasizing the need for conceptual clarity in this area.
Impact in Social Enterprises and Policy
In social enterprises, scaling social impact involves increasing both quantitative and qualitative positive changes in society by addressing social problems at individual and systemic levels. This process is ongoing and multifaceted, requiring a clear operational structure to guide empirical work and theorizing.
In policy-making, the term "impact" often reflects the contributions of research to policy and practice. However, the metaphor of "impact" can sometimes distort our understanding of the public contribution of academic research, creating false expectations about its influence.
Measuring and Evaluating Impact
Evaluating the impact of research involves assessing the significance and reach of both positive and negative effects. This process is subjective and varies across different groups, times, places, and cultures. A methodological framework for impact evaluation includes various designs such as experimental, statistical, textual, and indicator-based approaches, tailored to the aims and context of the evaluation.
Conclusion
The definition of "impact" is complex and context-dependent, encompassing immediate and long-term effects, measurable outcomes, and broader societal changes. Whether in medical publishing, academic research, social enterprises, or policy-making, understanding and evaluating impact requires a nuanced approach that considers various dimensions and constructs. This multifaceted nature of impact underscores the importance of clear definitions and methodological frameworks to guide its assessment and application.
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