Do metformin cause hair loss
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Summary
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These studies suggest metformin may promote hair regrowth in certain conditions.
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Metformin and Hair Loss: Analyzing the Evidence
Introduction to Metformin and Its Uses
Metformin is a widely used oral medication primarily prescribed for managing type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is known for its efficacy in controlling blood sugar levels and its antioxidant properties, which have led researchers to explore its potential benefits in various other medical conditions.
Metformin and Hair Regrowth
Interestingly, metformin has shown promise in promoting hair regrowth in certain conditions. A study documented two cases where patients with central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia (CCCA), a type of scarring alopecia, experienced hair regrowth after using topical metformin. CCCA predominantly affects women of African descent and is characterized by progressive hair loss and scarring. The study suggested that metformin might improve fibrosis through the mediation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), leading to hair regrowth in these patients.
Metformin and Hair Cell Protection
Another study investigated metformin's potential to protect against hair cell death induced by gentamicin, an antibiotic known for its ototoxicity. In vitro experiments showed that metformin could block gentamicin-induced damage to hair cells in murine cochlear explants. However, in vivo studies in guinea pigs revealed that while metformin was well tolerated and did not cause auditory side effects on its own, it did not prevent gentamicin-induced hearing loss. In fact, higher dosages of combined treatment aggravated the adverse effects, including additional hair cell loss and other side effects.
Conclusion
Based on the available research, there is no direct evidence to suggest that metformin causes hair loss. On the contrary, metformin has shown potential benefits in promoting hair regrowth in specific conditions like CCCA and protecting hair cells in vitro. However, caution is advised when using metformin in combination with certain medications like gentamicin, as it may exacerbate adverse effects. Further research is needed to fully understand the implications of metformin on hair health.
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