Does consumption of red wine affect gestational diabetes?

Introduction

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a condition characterized by high blood sugar levels that develop during pregnancy and can pose risks to both the mother and the baby. The potential impact of red wine consumption on GDM is a topic of interest due to the known effects of alcohol and certain compounds in red wine on glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity.

Key Insights

Moderate Red Wine Consumption and Glucose Tolerance:
- Moderate consumption of red wine during meals does not adversely affect glycemic control in diabetic patients and may slightly improve glucose tolerance due to non-alcoholic components like tannic acid .
- Red wine consumption has been shown to improve insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic patients without affecting endothelial function.
Red Wine and Oxidative Stress:
- Red wine consumption can reduce oxidative stress and thrombosis activation postprandially in diabetic patients, which may help in preventing cardiovascular complications .
General Alcohol Consumption and Diabetes Risk:
- Regular, moderate alcohol consumption, including red wine, is associated with a reduced risk of developing type 2 diabetes. This effect is thought to be due to both alcoholic and non-alcoholic constituents of the beverages .
Impact on Gestational Diabetes:
- A study on pregnant women in Kinshasa, DR Congo, found that alcohol consumption did not significantly impact the detection of GDM. However, alcohol consumption was associated with higher birth weights, particularly in the presence of a family history of hypertension.

Conclusion

The consumption of red wine in moderation appears to have a neutral to slightly beneficial effect on glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in diabetic patients. While moderate red wine consumption may reduce oxidative stress and improve some metabolic parameters, its impact on gestational diabetes specifically is less clear. The available evidence suggests that moderate alcohol consumption does not significantly affect the detection of GDM, but it may influence birth outcomes, such as birth weight, especially in certain populations. Therefore, while moderate red wine consumption might offer some metabolic benefits, its role in managing or preventing GDM requires further investigation.

Does consumption of red wine affect gestational diabetes?

Summary

Consensus Meter

Introduction

Key Insights

Conclusion

Sources and full results

Red Wine and Diabetes Health: Getting Skin in the Game

Moderate red wine consumption may provide health benefits for people with diabetes, promoting relaxation, reflection, and conviviality.

Effects of red wine, tannic acid, or ethanol on glucose tolerance in non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients and on starch digestibility in vitro.

Drinking red wine with a meal does not increase blood glucose in non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients, and may slightly decrease it, mediated by nonalcoholic compounds like tannic acid.

Short-Term Effect of Red Wine (Consumed During Meals) on Insulin Requirement and Glucose Tolerance in Diabetic Patients

Moderate red wine consumption during meals does not adversely affect glycemic control in diabetic patients, making it unnecessary to restrict its consumption.

Diabetes mellitus: oxidative stress and wine

Moderate wine consumption may help improve diabetic oxidative status, potentially preventing diabetic complications and the onset of diabetes.

Dietary flavonoids and flavonoid-rich foods are not associated with risk of type 2 diabetes in postmenopausal women.

Regular red wine consumption is not associated with a reduced risk of type 2 diabetes in postmenopausal women, but regular alcohol consumption in general may have a protective effect.

Consuming a small-moderate dose of red wine alone can alter the glucose-insulin relationship.

Red wine can alter the glucose-insulin relationship, and ingesting red wine alone (without food) should not be encouraged in nondiabetic individuals.

Effects of Initiating Moderate Alcohol Intake on Cardiometabolic Risk in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: A 2-Year Randomized, Controlled Trial.

Moderate alcohol intake, particularly red wine, can improve cholesterol levels and reduce metabolic syndrome components in adults with type 2 diabetes.

Red wine consumption improves insulin resistance but not endothelial function in type 2 diabetic patients.

Red wine consumption for 2 weeks significantly improves insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic patients without affecting vascular reactivity or nitric oxide production.

Effect of maternal alcohol consumption on gestational diabetes detection and mother-infant’s outcomes in Kinshasa, DR Congo

Moderate alcohol consumption during pregnancy does not impact gestational diabetes detection or maternal/perinatal outcomes, but may increase the risk of birth weight issues in women with family history of hypertension.

Red wine protects diabetic patients from meal‐induced oxidative stress and thrombosis activation: a pleasant approach to the prevention of cardiovascular disease in diabetes

Red wine consumption may reduce meal-induced oxidative stress and thrombosis activation in diabetic patients, potentially aiding in the prevention of cardiovascular complications.

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