Edward hubble
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Edwin Hubble: Pioneering Astronomer and the Expanding Universe
Early Life and Education of Edwin Hubble
Edwin Powell Hubble was born on November 20, 1889, in Marshfield, Missouri. He initially pursued a degree in mathematics and astronomy at the University of Chicago, graduating in 1910 with a Bachelor of Science. Surprisingly, Hubble then shifted his focus to law, studying as a Rhodes Scholar at Oxford and earning a Bachelor of Arts in Jurisprudence in 1912. After a brief stint practicing law in Kentucky, Hubble returned to his true passion, astronomy, in 1914. He rejoined the University of Chicago as an assistant at the Yerkes Observatory and completed his doctorate in 1917 with a dissertation on faint nebulae1.
Contributions to Astronomy: Hubble's Law and the Expanding Universe
Edwin Hubble's most significant contribution to astronomy came in 1929 with his groundbreaking paper that established the relationship between the distance of galaxies and their recession velocities, now known as Hubble's Law. This discovery demonstrated that the universe is expanding, fundamentally altering our understanding of the cosmos2 3. Hubble's Law states that the further away a galaxy is, the faster it is moving away from us, which is evidenced by the redshift of the galaxy's light3.
Hubble's Diagram and Its Impact on Cosmology
Hubble's 1929 article also introduced what is now known as the Hubble diagram, which plots the redshift of galaxies against their distances. This diagram provided the first empirical evidence for the expanding universe and laid the foundation for the field of observational cosmology. Despite some systematic errors in Hubble's distance measurements and the reliance on velocities provided by Vesto Melvin Slipher, the Hubble diagram remains a cornerstone of modern cosmology4. The concepts of the Hubble constant, Hubble time, and the ongoing investigation into the expanding and accelerating universe all stem from Hubble's pioneering work4.
Legacy and Recognition
Hubble's contributions to astronomy have been widely recognized and celebrated. He served as President of the Astronomical Society in 1933 and was awarded the Bruce Gold Medal in 19381. His work has not only expanded our understanding of the universe but also inspired countless astronomers and cosmologists to explore the vast, evolving cosmos.
Conclusion
Edwin Hubble's discoveries have had a profound impact on our understanding of the universe. From his early work on nebulae to the formulation of Hubble's Law and the introduction of the Hubble diagram, his contributions have paved the way for modern cosmology. Hubble's legacy continues to influence the field, driving ongoing research into the nature of the universe and its expansion.
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EDWIN POWELL HUBBLE, 1889-1953
Hubble papers, "Analysis of Galactic Nebulae" (1922) and "Analysis of Nebulae in the Milky Way" (1923), were instrumental in advancing our understanding of the universe.
Hubble’s Law and the expanding universe
The Hubble Law, a key discovery in cosmology, reveals that the universe has been expanding for 14 billion years, with dark matter, dark energy, and billions of galaxies.
Hubble's diagram and cosmic expansion
Edwin Hubble's classic article on the expanding universe in 1929 introduced the concept of a galaxy's distance being proportional to its redshift, leading to modern investigations of the expanding, evolving, and accelerating universe.
Highly CitedEarly Dark Energy can Resolve the Hubble Tension.
Early dark energy models can resolve the Hubble tension by acting like a cosmological constant at early times and diluting away like radiation or faster later on, improving the fit to Planck data.
Highly CitedThe Hubble Space Telescope
The Hubble Space Telescope revolutionizes astronomy by providing breathtaking images and allowing the public to co-explore cosmic wonders through its public viewing platform.
The Carnegie-Chicago Hubble Program. VIII. An Independent Determination of the Hubble Constant Based on the Tip of the Red Giant Branch
The Hubble constant (H0) is 69.8 0.8 km s-1 Mpc-1, midway between the Planck Collaboration and the HST SHoES measurements, with advantages over Cepheid variables.
Highly CitedA Comprehensive Measurement of the Local Value of the Hubble Constant with 1 km s−1 Mpc−1 Uncertainty from the Hubble Space Telescope and the SH0ES Team
The Hubble constant (H 0) is 73.04 1.04 km s1 Mpc1 with systematic uncertainties, a 5 difference from Planck cosmic microwave background predictions under CDM.
Highly CitedMilestones of general relativity: Hubble’s law (1929) and the expansion of the universe
Hubble's law (1929) revolutionized our understanding of the universe, leading to the present-day understanding of its expanding nature.
Large Magellanic Cloud Cepheid Standards Provide a 1% Foundation for the Determination of the Hubble Constant and Stronger Evidence for Physics beyond ΛCDM
The improved determination of the Hubble constant from Long-period Cepheids in the Large Magellanic Cloud reduces uncertainty from 2.5% to 1.3%, increasing the odds of a cosmological feature beyond CDM.
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