What are the effects of graphene nanoplatelets infused into aluminium
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Effects of Graphene Nanoplatelets Infused into Aluminum
Introduction to Graphene Nanoplatelets in Aluminum Composites
Graphene nanoplatelets (GNPs) have garnered significant attention for their potential to enhance the properties of aluminum (Al) composites. The infusion of GNPs into aluminum matrices has been shown to improve mechanical, tribological, and corrosion resistance properties, making these composites highly desirable for various industrial applications.
Mechanical Properties Enhancement
Tensile and Compressive Strength
The addition of GNPs to aluminum significantly enhances its mechanical properties. For instance, a study demonstrated that an Al-0.3 wt% GNP composite exhibited a 14.7% increase in yield strength and an 11.1% increase in ultimate tensile strength compared to pure aluminum. However, the failure strain decreased by 40.6%. In terms of compressive strength, the same composite showed no change in yield strength but a 7.8% decrease in ultimate compressive strength and a 20.2% reduction in failure strain.
Hardness
The hardness of aluminum composites is also improved with the addition of GNPs. The Al-0.3 wt% GNP composite showed an 11.8% increase in Vickers hardness compared to monolithic aluminum. Another study reported a 200% improvement in microhardness and Young’s modulus in GNP-infused aluminum surfaces.
Tribological Performance
Coefficient of Friction and Wear Rate
The tribological properties of aluminum are significantly influenced by the presence of GNPs. The coefficient of friction (CF) initially increases with low GNP concentrations but decreases at higher concentrations. For example, the CF increased by 44% at 0.1 wt% GNP but decreased by 15% at 1.1 wt% GNP. The optimal GNP concentration for minimizing CF and mass wear was found to be 0.1 wt%. Additionally, the wear rate and coefficient of friction decreased by over 85% in GNP-infused aluminum surfaces.
Self-Lubricating Properties
GNPs also impart self-lubricating properties to aluminum composites. The formation of a graphene film on the worn surface of Al-1 wt% GNP samples demonstrated superior tribological properties and reduced wear rates under varying normal loads.
Corrosion Resistance
The incorporation of GNPs into aluminum matrices enhances corrosion resistance. Homogeneously dispersed GNPs form a carbon-doped protective film that significantly improves long-term corrosion resistance in chloride-containing environments. However, it was also noted that higher GNP concentrations could increase the corrosion rate.
Microstructural Improvements
Grain Boundary Strengthening
GNPs tend to occupy grain boundaries in the aluminum matrix, leading to strengthening through various mechanisms. This was observed in studies where GNPs were mechanically impregnated into aluminum surfaces, resulting in improved surface hardness and reduced wear depth.
Elastic Properties
The elastic modulus of aluminum-based hybrid nanocomposites is improved with the addition of GNPs. Factors such as GNP length, thickness, and the formation of an Al4C3 interphase contribute to this enhancement.
Conclusion
The infusion of graphene nanoplatelets into aluminum significantly enhances its mechanical, tribological, and corrosion resistance properties. These improvements make Al/GNP composites highly suitable for applications requiring superior strength, wear resistance, and durability. The optimal concentration and distribution of GNPs are crucial for maximizing these benefits, highlighting the importance of precise fabrication techniques in developing advanced aluminum composites.
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Most relevant research papers on this topic
Effect of Graphene Nanoplatelets addition on mechanical properties of pure aluminum using a semi-powder method
Investigating the Effects of Graphene Nanoplatelets and Al4C3 on the Tribological Performance of Aluminum-Based Nanocomposites
Mechanical and tribological behaviours of aluminium matrix composites reinforced by graphene nanoplatelets
Tribological Behavior of Solid-State Processed Al-1100/GNP Surface Nanocomposites
Effect of graphene nanoplatelets addition on the elastic properties of short ceramic fiber-reinforced aluminum-based hybrid nanocomposites
Surface modification of aluminium by graphene impregnation
Effects of surface modification and graphene nanoplatelet reinforcement on adhesive joint of aluminium alloys
Homogeneously Dispersed Graphene Nanoplatelets as Long-Term Corrosion Inhibitors for Aluminum Matrix Composites.
Investigation on microstructural, mechanical and electrochemical properties of aluminum composites reinforced with graphene nanoplatelets
Tribological performance of self-lubricating aluminum matrix nanocomposites: Role of graphene nanoplatelets
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