Are there evidence based programs to prevent suicide in adults
Searched over 200M research papers
Research Analysis by Consensus
Consensus Meter
Evidence-Based Programs to Prevent Suicide in Adults
Training Primary Care Physicians in Depression Recognition and Treatment
Training primary care physicians to recognize and treat depression has been shown to be an effective strategy in preventing suicide among adults. This approach ensures that individuals at risk are identified early and receive appropriate treatment, which can significantly reduce suicidal behavior .
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT)
Both cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) have been proven to prevent suicidal behavior. These therapeutic approaches help individuals develop coping mechanisms and address underlying issues contributing to suicidal ideation .
Active Follow-Up After Discharge or Suicidal Crisis
Active follow-up of psychiatric patients after discharge or a suicidal crisis is another evidence-based strategy that prevents suicidal behavior. This approach involves regular check-ins and support, which can help mitigate the risk of suicide during vulnerable periods .
Restricting Access to Lethal Means
Restricting access to lethal means, such as firearms and certain medications, has been shown to prevent suicide. This strategy is particularly effective in reducing impulsive suicide attempts and is a critical component of comprehensive suicide prevention programs .
Multifaceted Primary Care-Based Programs for Older Adults
For older adults, multifaceted primary care-based programs that include depression screening and management have been effective in preventing suicidal behavior. These programs often combine pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy, and regular follow-ups to address the complex needs of older individuals .
Community-Based Outreach and Telephone Counseling
Community-based outreach programs and telephone counseling have also been effective in reducing suicidal ideation and behavior among older adults. These interventions provide accessible support and resources, particularly for those who may be isolated or unable to seek help in traditional settings .
Multilayered Approaches
Multilayered approaches that combine universal, selective, and indicated prevention interventions have shown promise in reducing suicide rates among older adults. These programs often involve community education, gatekeeper training, and targeted interventions for high-risk individuals, creating a comprehensive support network.
Antidepressant Treatment
The use of antidepressants has mixed evidence regarding its effectiveness in preventing suicide. While some studies suggest that antidepressants can reduce suicide attempts, others indicate an increased risk of attempts. Therefore, careful monitoring is required when prescribing these medications .
Emerging Strategies: Electronic Health Records and Internet-Based Screening
Emerging strategies such as algorithm-driven electronic health record screening, Internet-based screening methods, and smartphone passive monitoring are being explored for their potential to identify high-risk individuals and prevent suicide. These approaches leverage technology to provide timely interventions and continuous monitoring .
Conclusion
There are several evidence-based programs and strategies to prevent suicide in adults, ranging from training primary care physicians and implementing therapeutic interventions to restricting access to lethal means and utilizing technology for monitoring. Multifaceted and community-based approaches, particularly for older adults, show significant promise. Continued research and high-quality trials are essential to refine these strategies and ensure their effectiveness in diverse populations.
Sources and full results
Most relevant research papers on this topic