How does the extracellular matrix and connective tissue health affect mobility and aging?

Introduction

The extracellular matrix (ECM) and connective tissue play crucial roles in maintaining tissue structure and function. Their health significantly impacts mobility and the aging process. This synthesis explores how changes in ECM and connective tissue contribute to age-related mobility issues and overall aging.

Key Insights

Structural and Biochemical Changes in ECM with Aging:
- Aging leads to increased collagen concentration, changes in the elastic fiber system, and fat infiltration in skeletal muscle ECM, contributing to muscle stiffness and reduced force generation .
- There is a decrease in the turnover of collagen, leading to the accumulation of cross-links and advanced glycation end-products, which further stiffen tissues .
Cellular and Functional Changes:
- Altered mechanotransduction and poorer activation of satellite cells are observed with aging, impairing muscle regeneration and adaptation to mechanical loading.
- The decrease in hyaluronan and elastic fibers in the ECM reduces muscle adaptability and increases stiffness.
ECM and Immune System Interactions:
- The ECM regulates immune cell mobility, survival, and function, while the immune system maintains ECM integrity. Dysregulation in this interaction contributes to age-related diseases.
- Changes in ECM composition during aging affect immune cell function, leading to increased tissue stiffness and inflammation.
Impact on Tendons and Ligaments:
- Tendons and ligaments experience slow ECM turnover and long-term post-translational modifications, leading to decreased flexibility and increased susceptibility to musculoskeletal pathologies with age.
Role of ECM in Age-Related Diseases:
- ECM aging is linked to various age-associated diseases, including atherosclerosis, diabetes, and cancer, due to deviations in ECM biosynthesis and degradation.
Mechanobiology and ECM:
- Mechanical forces within the ECM can switch protein functions and cell signaling, influencing tissue homeostasis and pathology. Understanding these mechanisms can inspire new therapeutic approaches.
Myofascial Structural Models:
- Inactivity or strain leads to ECM dehydration and increased collagen storage, reducing tissue elasticity and contributing to physical frailty. These changes highlight the importance of maintaining ECM health for mobility.

Conclusion

The health of the extracellular matrix and connective tissue is integral to maintaining mobility and mitigating the effects of aging. Structural and biochemical changes in the ECM, coupled with altered cellular functions and immune system interactions, contribute to increased tissue stiffness and reduced adaptability. These changes are linked to various age-related diseases and physical frailty. Understanding and addressing these ECM alterations can help develop strategies to improve mobility and overall health in aging populations.

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How does the extracellular matrix and connective tissue health affect mobility and aging?

Summary

Introduction

Key Insights

Conclusion

Sources and full results

Unraveling the Mechanobiology of Extracellular Matrix.

Alterations in extracellular matrix fiber tension can drive developmental processes, tissue homeostasis, and aging, offering new insights for regenerative medicine, diagnostics, and therapeutic applications.

Structural, biochemical, cellular, and functional changes in skeletal muscle extracellular matrix with aging

Aging leads to structural, biochemical, cellular, and functional changes in skeletal muscle's extracellular matrix, contributing to deterioration in muscle mechanical properties and potentially affecting force generation and regeneration.

The Effects of Aging on the Intramuscular Connective Tissue

Aging leads to increased collagen I and lower levels of hyaluronan and elastic fibers in intramuscular connective tissue, potentially stiffening muscles and reducing their adaptability.

Changes in tendon extracellular matrix composition with age

Tendon extracellular matrix composition changes with age, leading to loss of suppleness and joint flexibility, and understanding these mechanisms may help prevent musculoskeletal pathologies in old age.

Aging of the extracellular matrix

Aging of the extracellular matrix (ECM) involves both biosynthesis and post-synthetic modifications, which may contribute to age-associated pathologies.

Aging of the extracellular matrix and its pathology

Aging of the extracellular matrix contributes to age-associated diseases like atherosclerosis, diabetes, and malignant tumors, highlighting the importance of studying cell matrix interactions for gerontology.

The extracellular matrix and the immune system: A mutually dependent relationship

The extracellular matrix and immune system have a mutually dependent relationship, affecting tissue homeostasis and disease, with potential for new treatments and healthy aging.

[Ageing and restricted mobility. Frailty from the perspective of myofascial structural models].

Myofascial structural models reveal that physical frailty in elderly people is primarily due to dehydration and increased collagen in the extracellular matrix, reducing elasticity and accessibility for intervention strategies.

Extracellular matrix: The driving force of mammalian diseases.

The extracellular matrix plays a crucial role in causing and potentially reversing diseases like connective tissue disorders, muscular dystrophy, fibrosis, and cancer, offering potential new therapeutic options.

Role of extracellular matrix in adaptation of tendon and skeletal muscle to mechanical loading.

Chronic physical training leads to increased collagen turnover and synthesis in tendons and muscles, modifying their mechanical properties and stress resistance, ultimately reducing overuse injuries.

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