Is Fish/Animal Oils safe?
Pro Research Analysisby 
Searched over 200M research papers
Consensus Meter
Safety of Fish and Animal Oils: A Comprehensive Review
Cardiovascular Health Benefits of Fish Oils
Fish oils, rich in omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), have been extensively studied for their cardiovascular benefits. Numerous human clinical trials have demonstrated that fish oils can reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) by improving serum lipid profiles, reducing triglycerides, and lowering cholesterol levels . These effects are attributed to the anti-inflammatory properties of omega-3 PUFAs, which help in reducing the development of atherosclerosis and thrombosis .
Potential Risks of Oxidized Fish Oils
Despite the cardiovascular benefits, there are concerns regarding the oxidation of fish oils. Fish oils are prone to oxidation, which can lead to the formation of harmful compounds. Studies have indicated that oxidized lipids in fish oils may attenuate their beneficial effects and could potentially contribute to the development of atherosclerosis and thrombosis . Therefore, it is crucial to ensure the freshness and proper storage of fish oils to minimize oxidation and maintain their health benefits.
Cancer Risk and Fish Oil Consumption
The relationship between fish oil consumption and cancer risk has also been explored. Ecological studies have shown an inverse correlation between fish oil consumption and the risk of colorectal and breast cancer, particularly in populations with high animal fat intake. This suggests that fish oils may offer protective effects against the promotional effects of animal fats in cancer development.
Therapeutic Uses in Companion Animals
Fish oils are not only beneficial for humans but also for companion animals. Historical and contemporary studies have highlighted the cardioprotective effects of marine-based oils enriched in long-chain omega-3 fatty acids (EPA and DHA) in both humans and animals. These oils have been found to support neurological development, reduce inflammation, and provide benefits for conditions such as hypertension, renal diseases, arthritis, autoimmune disorders, gastrointestinal diseases, and cancer.
Food Hygiene and Rancidity Concerns
The production and storage of fish oils for human consumption involve several steps to ensure safety and reduce the risk of rancidity. The refined fish oil production process includes repeated heating and treatments to remove impurities, which significantly reduce biological food safety risks. However, lipid oxidation remains a concern, and proper storage conditions, such as cold storage in darkness and the addition of antioxidants, are recommended to prevent oxidation.
Conclusion
Fish and animal oils, particularly those rich in omega-3 PUFAs, offer significant health benefits, including reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases and potential protective effects against certain cancers. However, the safety and efficacy of these oils can be compromised by oxidation, which underscores the importance of proper storage and handling. While fish oils are generally safe and beneficial, ongoing research is essential to fully understand and mitigate any potential risks associated with their consumption.
Sources and full results
Most relevant research papers on this topic