Foods that cause cancer
Pro Research Analysisby 
Searched over 200M research papers
Foods That Cause Cancer: A Comprehensive Review
Introduction to Cancer-Causing Foods
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, and diet plays a significant role in its development. Various foods and dietary patterns have been linked to an increased risk of different types of cancer. This article synthesizes the findings from multiple research studies to highlight the foods that are most commonly associated with cancer risk.
Red and Processed Meats
Red Meat and Colorectal Cancer
Red meat consumption has been consistently linked to an increased risk of colorectal cancer. A systematic review and meta-analysis found a positive association between high intake of red meat and colorectal cancer risk, with a summary risk ratio (RR) of 1.12 per 100g/day. This association is supported by multiple studies, indicating that reducing red meat intake could lower colorectal cancer risk .
Processed Meat and Cancer Risk
Processed meats, such as sausages, bacon, and ham, are also associated with a higher risk of colorectal cancer. The same meta-analysis reported a summary RR of 1.17 per 50g/day for processed meat. Additionally, processed meats have been linked to pancreatic cancer, further emphasizing the need for moderation in their consumption.
Alcohol and Cancer
Alcohol consumption is a well-established risk factor for several types of cancer, including cancers of the oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, esophagus, and liver. It also causes a small increase in the risk of breast cancer . Limiting alcohol intake to no more than two units per day is recommended to reduce these risks.
Salt and Salt-Preserved Foods
High salt intake and consumption of salt-preserved foods are associated with an increased risk of stomach cancer. Studies suggest that these foods should be consumed in moderation to minimize cancer risk.
Very Hot Foods and Drinks
Consuming very hot foods and drinks can increase the risk of cancers of the oral cavity, pharynx, and esophagus. It is advisable to avoid consuming foods and beverages at scalding temperatures to reduce this risk.
Foods Contaminated with Carcinogens
Aflatoxins
Aflatoxins, which are found in contaminated foods such as peanuts and corn, are potent carcinogens that can cause liver cancer. Minimizing exposure to aflatoxins is crucial, especially in regions where these contaminants are prevalent.
Heterocyclic Amines (HCAs)
HCAs are formed during the cooking of meat at high temperatures and have been linked to cancers of the breast, colon, and prostate. Reducing the intake of charred meats and using cooking methods that produce fewer HCAs can help lower cancer risk.
Canned and Genetically Modified Foods
Canned foods and genetically modified foods have also been implicated in cancer risk. These foods often contain preservatives and other chemicals that may contribute to cancer development. Limiting the consumption of these foods and opting for fresh, whole foods can be beneficial .
Conclusion
Diet plays a crucial role in cancer prevention. Reducing the intake of red and processed meats, alcohol, salt-preserved foods, and very hot foods and drinks can significantly lower cancer risk. Additionally, minimizing exposure to food contaminants like aflatoxins and HCAs is essential. Adopting a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and other plant-based foods can provide protective benefits against cancer. Making informed dietary choices is a powerful tool in the fight against cancer.
Sources and full results
Most relevant research papers on this topic