Heart disorders list
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Comprehensive List of Heart Disorders
Heart disorders encompass a wide range of conditions that affect the heart's structure and function. This article provides an overview of the most common and significant heart disorders, categorized for clarity.
Coronary Heart Disease (CHD)
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
Coronary artery disease is characterized by the narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries, usually caused by atherosclerosis. This condition can lead to angina pectoris, acute coronary syndrome, and myocardial infarction (heart attack) .
Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)
Acute coronary syndrome is an umbrella term for situations where the blood supplied to the heart muscle is suddenly blocked. It includes conditions such as unstable angina and myocardial infarction .
Angina Pectoris
Angina pectoris is chest pain or discomfort due to coronary heart disease. It occurs when the heart muscle doesn't get as much blood as it needs, often during physical activity or stress .
Heart Rhythm Disorders
Arrhythmias
Arrhythmias are disorders of the heart rate or rhythm. They can be classified into several types, including atrial fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia, and bradycardia. These conditions can lead to palpitations, dizziness, fainting, or even sudden cardiac death .
Disorders of Automaticity and Re-entry
These are specific types of arrhythmias where the heart's natural pacemaker or the electrical pathways are disrupted, leading to irregular heartbeats.
Heart Failure and Cardiomyopathies
Heart Failure
Heart failure occurs when the heart cannot pump enough blood to meet the body's needs. It can result from various conditions, including coronary artery disease, high blood pressure, and cardiomyopathies .
Cardiomyopathies
Cardiomyopathies are diseases of the heart muscle that make it harder for the heart to pump blood. They include dilated, hypertrophic, and restrictive cardiomyopathy. These conditions often lead to heart failure and are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality .
Congenital Heart Defects
Congenital Cardiovascular Defects
These are structural problems with the heart present at birth. They can range from simple defects like small holes in the heart to complex abnormalities like hypoplastic left heart syndrome .
High Blood Pressure (Hypertension)
Systemic Hypertension
High blood pressure is a common condition that can lead to severe complications such as stroke, heart attack, and heart failure if not managed properly .
Pulmonary Hypertension
This is high blood pressure in the arteries of the lungs, which can lead to right heart failure.
Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases
Stroke
A stroke occurs when the blood supply to part of the brain is interrupted or reduced, preventing brain tissue from getting oxygen and nutrients. This can lead to brain damage and affect heart function .
Subclinical Atherosclerosis
This condition involves the early stages of atherosclerosis, where there are no symptoms yet, but the risk of stroke and heart disease is increased .
Other Cardiovascular Diseases
Peripheral Vascular Disease
This condition involves the narrowing of blood vessels outside the heart and brain, often leading to pain and mobility issues.
Rheumatic Heart Disease
Rheumatic heart disease is caused by rheumatic fever, which can damage the heart valves and lead to heart failure.
Metabolic Syndrome
Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of conditions that increase the risk of heart disease, stroke, and diabetes. It includes high blood pressure, high blood sugar, excess body fat around the waist, and abnormal cholesterol levels.
Conclusion
Heart disorders are diverse and can affect various aspects of heart function and structure. Understanding these conditions is crucial for early diagnosis and effective management to improve patient outcomes.
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