Heart test names
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These studies suggest heart tests include the Schellong test, blood tests like CK-MB and myoglobin, ECG, stress tests, chest X-ray, echocardiogram, holter monitor, nuclear scans, and the HFA-PEFF diagnostic algorithm.
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Comprehensive Overview of Heart Test Names
Schellong Test: Orthostatic Blood Pressure and Heart Rate Changes
The Schellong test is a diagnostic procedure used primarily in German-speaking countries to measure blood pressure and heart rate changes when a person moves from a lying to a standing position. Named after Fritz Schellong, a pioneer in cardiovascular autonomic neuroscience, this test evaluates circulatory function under gravitational stress. It is particularly useful for detecting orthostatic hypotension and other autonomic dysfunctions.
Blood Tests for Heart Disease Detection
Blood tests play a crucial role in diagnosing heart disease by detecting specific proteins that indicate heart damage. Commonly used blood tests include:
- Troponin: Highly specific to heart muscle damage and a key marker for diagnosing myocardial infarction.
- Creatine Kinase (CK) and CK-MB: These enzymes are released into the blood following heart muscle injury but can also be found in other muscles, making them less specific.
- Myoglobin: An early marker of muscle injury, including heart muscle, but not specific to the heart.
These tests are often used in conjunction with electrocardiograms (ECGs) to provide a comprehensive assessment of heart health.
Electrocardiogram (ECG) and Other Imaging Tests
The electrocardiogram (ECG) is a fundamental test for detecting heart diseases. It records the electrical activity of the heart and can identify issues such as arrhythmias, heart enlargement, and previous heart attacks. However, a normal ECG does not rule out heart disease entirely.
Other important imaging tests include:
- Echocardiogram: Uses ultrasound to visualize heart structures and assess function, providing detailed information about heart valves, muscle, and ejection fraction.
- Chest X-ray: Helps detect heart enlargement and other abnormalities, particularly in patients with heart failure or significant valvular disease.
- Nuclear Scans: Provide detailed images of blood flow to the heart and can identify areas of reduced blood supply.
HFA-PEFF Diagnostic Algorithm for Heart Failure
The HFA-PEFF diagnostic algorithm is a stepwise approach recommended by the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology for diagnosing heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). This algorithm includes:
- Pre-test Assessment: Evaluates symptoms, clinical demographics, and initial diagnostic tests.
- Echocardiography and Natriuretic Peptide Score: Comprehensive echocardiographic measures and peptide levels to confirm HFpEF.
- Functional Testing: Echocardiographic or invasive haemodynamic exercise stress tests for intermediate cases.
- Final Aetiology: Identifies specific causes or alternative explanations for HFpEF.
Multimodality Testing for Stable Ischemic Heart Disease
The American College of Cardiology Foundation has developed appropriate use criteria for various tests to detect and assess stable ischemic heart disease (SIHD). These tests include:
- Stress Echocardiography: Evaluates heart function under stress conditions.
- Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography (CCTA): Provides detailed images of coronary arteries.
- Stress Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (CMR): Assesses heart function and structure under stress.
- Invasive Coronary Angiography: Visualizes coronary arteries to detect blockages.
These tests are rated based on their appropriateness for different clinical scenarios, ensuring optimal use in diagnosing and managing SIHD.
Conclusion
Understanding the various heart tests available is crucial for accurate diagnosis and effective management of heart diseases. From the Schellong test for orthostatic changes to advanced imaging and blood tests for detecting heart damage, each test provides unique insights into heart health. The HFA-PEFF algorithm and multimodality testing guidelines further enhance diagnostic accuracy, ensuring patients receive the most appropriate care.
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