Herbal treatments for gastroesophageal reflux disease
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Herbal Treatments for Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Overview and Mechanisms
Herbal treatments for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) have been widely explored as alternatives or complements to conventional therapies, especially for patients who do not respond well to standard medications like proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) 237. Herbal medicines can help manage GERD symptoms, reduce inflammation, and support tissue healing through various mechanisms, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and barrier-protective effects 12.
Commonly Studied Herbal Remedies and Their Effects
Demulcents and Soothing Agents
Herbs such as Ceratonia siliqua (carob), Ulmus rubra (slippery elm), Althaea officinalis (marshmallow), and Aloe vera are known for their demulcent properties, which help soothe and protect the esophageal lining, reduce acute symptoms, and promote healing of acid-damaged tissues 12. Studies on Ceratonia siliqua, particularly in infants, have shown a significant reduction in regurgitation episodes .
Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Herbs
Deglycyrrhizinated licorice, Calendula officinalis (calendula), Curcuma longa (turmeric), Zingiber officinale (ginger), Rosmarinus officinalis (rosemary), and Symphytum officinale (comfrey) have demonstrated anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, which may help repair tissue and control GERD symptoms 12. These herbs work by downregulating inflammatory proteins and improving the barrier function of the esophagus .
Traditional Herbal Formulas
Traditional Chinese and Korean herbal formulas, such as Jianpi therapy, Ligan Hewei therapy, and Hewei Jiangni Decoction (HWJND), have shown promising results in clinical studies. These therapies, either alone or combined with PPIs, have been effective in improving overall clinical efficacy, reducing acid regurgitation and heartburn, and enhancing quality of life in GERD patients 38. HWJND, in particular, was found to be noninferior to omeprazole for non-erosive reflux disease (NERD), with additional benefits in general health and social function .
Pinellia Ternata and Other Frequently Used Herbs
Pinellia ternata, often used in Chinese and Korean medicine, has been associated with significant improvements in GERD symptoms and lower recurrence rates compared to control groups 45. Other commonly prescribed herbs include Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (fresh ginger) and Poria Sclerotium, which have also contributed to symptom relief and were well-tolerated in clinical settings .
Multicomponent Herbal Preparations
Rikkunshito, a multicomponent herbal preparation, and Tongjlang have shown therapeutic effects in patients with non-erosive reflux disease, especially where PPIs were less effective . Myrtus communis and Cydonia oblonga have also demonstrated symptom reduction comparable to omeprazole, with some effects persisting after discontinuation .
Effectiveness and Safety of Herbal Medicine for GERD
Systematic reviews and meta-analyses indicate that herbal medicines are generally effective in improving clinical outcomes, reducing recurrence rates, and enhancing quality of life for GERD and NERD patients, with few reported adverse effects . However, the quality of evidence varies, and more high-quality randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm these findings and establish standardized guidelines for herbal medicine use in GERD 3710.
Conclusion
Herbal treatments offer a variety of options for managing GERD symptoms, especially for those seeking alternatives to conventional medications or experiencing inadequate relief from standard therapies. Herbs with demulcent, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties, as well as traditional herbal formulas, have shown effectiveness and safety in clinical studies. While the evidence is promising, further well-designed research is necessary to fully understand the benefits and mechanisms of herbal therapies for GERD and to develop clear clinical guidelines 1234+4 MORE.
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