Social media algorithms can contribute to social-political polarization in Asia by creating filter bubbles that exclude diverse viewpoints and reinforce similar political beliefs, leading to political turmoil and societal chaos.

Taking stock of social-political polarization in Asia: political communication, social media and digital governance

Users' own actions on Facebook contribute to the distortion of information and polarisation of socio-political opinion, as they navigate the social space to avoid conflict with diverse members of their network.

Social media and the future of open debate: A user-oriented approach to Facebook’s filter bubble conundrum

Social media platforms like Facebook can exacerbate political polarization and influence elections, but GDPR and other regulations can reduce these effects.

The impact of social media on the polarization of the political debate: three case studies in the European context

Personalized recommendations on social media can lead to polarization and indefinite clustering of users with different opinions, making consensus impossible for large numbers of users.

Filter bubble effect in the multistate voter model.

Social media creates echo chambers, allowing like-minded individuals to find one another, leading to political polarization and increasing mistrust in public officials and media outlets.

Social Media, Echo Chambers, and Political Polarization

Small changes to social network graphs can increase user polarization, but modifying the incentives of network administrators can limit this effect without significantly affecting user engagement.

Analyzing the Impact of Filter Bubbles on Social Network Polarization

The 'filter bubble' concept has no empirical evidence to support its existence, and its persistence has diverted scholarly attention from more critical areas of inquiry.

Filter bubble

Social media algorithms may limit exposure to counter-attitudinal news, increasing polarization, while news outlets' political leanings do not affect political opinions.

Social Media, News Consumption, and Polarization: Evidence from a Field Experiment

Small changes in social network edge weights can create echo chambers and increase user polarization, but slight modifications to administrator incentives can mitigate this effect.

Understanding Filter Bubbles and Polarization in Social Networks

The recommendation system on social media increases user polarization by providing uniform news aligned with their political views, leading to more persistent opinions and political views.

The Influence of the Social Media Recommendation System Against Polarization in the Views of User Politics: Experiments on Social Media Newsfeed on Social Media Users

Pro-attitudinal media exacerbates political polarization, but research on ways to depolarize it is needed.

The role of (social) media in political polarization: a systematic review

Social media filter bubbles can increase ideological polarization by reducing users' likelihood to encounter ideologically cross-cutting news content.

Fake news and ideological polarization

Exposure to opposing political views on social media can increase political polarization, with Republicans becoming more conservative after following a liberal Twitter bot and Democrats showing slight liberal increases after following a conservative Twitter bot.

Exposure to opposing views on social media can increase political polarization

Exposure to a broader spectrum of ideas on social media may not necessarily reduce political polarization, as partisans' online echo chambers may contain the problem.

Review of “Breaking the Social Media Prism: How to Make Our Platforms Less Polarizing”

Social media platforms contribute to political polarization through mechanisms like echo chamber effect, algorithmic filtering, and malicious information distribution, affecting public debate and political beliefs in diverse nations.

The Impact of social media on Political Polarization: A Comparative Analysis

Political polarization on social media varies across platforms, with Twitter showing homophilic interactions and aggravating positional polarization, while WhatsApp shows de-polarization over time, and Facebook being the least homophilic platform.

Political Polarization on the Digital Sphere: A Cross-platform, Over-time Analysis of Interactional, Positional, and Affective Polarization on Social Media

Twitter's algorithms amplify the political right more than the political left, favoring right-leaning news sources in six out of seven countries studied.

Algorithmic amplification of politics on Twitter

TIMBRE methodology accurately analyzes political polarization on social media during elections by removing bot spamming and considering temporal aspects, revealing the impact of social bots on legitimate users.

Analyzing Political Polarization on Social Media by Deleting Bot Spamming

Identifying political polarization in social media is crucial for understanding its impact on political tensions and stability, as high polarization can both demonstrate freedom of expression and heighten tensions.

Identifying Political Polarization in Social Media: A Literature Review

Popping the bubbles may not be enough to reduce online political polarization, as users engage more with content aligning with their political orientation, regardless of the topic.

Popping the bubble may not be enough: news media role in online political polarization

The impact of social media algorithms on information bubbles and political polarization.

Some studies suggest social media algorithms contribute to information bubbles and political polarization by creating filter bubbles, echo chambers, and personalized recommendations that reinforce similar political beliefs, while other studies argue there is no empirical evidence for the 'filter bubble' concept.