Social media use shows small associations with loneliness, self-esteem, life satisfaction, and depression, but no significant negative effects on academic achievement or narcissism.

Are Social Media Ruining Our Lives? A Review of Meta-Analytic Evidence

Twitter has a stronger impact on student engagement than on grades, but its impact is not necessarily positive, especially on grades.

A critical analysis of the effects of Twitter on student engagement and grades

Heavy social media use and posting regret are associated with lower self-esteem among middle and high school students, with younger students potentially more vulnerable.

Heavy social media use and posting regret are associated with lower self-esteem among middle and high school students

Increased other-oriented social media use negatively affects appearance self-esteem from childhood to adolescence, while self-oriented use does not show a significant impact.

The impact of social media use on appearance self-esteem from childhood to adolescence - A 3-wave community study

High school students use Facebook for communication, entertainment, and news sharing, with a positive relationship between confidence, participation, and related behaviors.

The effects of social media on students' behaviors; Facebook as a case study

Excessive social media use can lead to distractions, deteriorated academic results, and negatively impact students' mental health.

Impact of social media on students

Increased social media usage leads to a 5.574 decrease in self-esteem, with upward social comparisons being the main cause.

Impact of Social Media on Self-Esteem

Social media usage in Pakistan has a negative impact on students' learning behavior for sustainable education, compared to positive aspects.

The Impact of Social Media on Learning Behavior for Sustainable Education: Evidence of Students from Selected Universities in Pakistan

Social media usage has no linear relationship with GPA scores in Saudi Arabian university students, but poor time management and football negatively impact academic performance.

Impact of social media usage on students academic performance in Saudi Arabia

High social media usage among Wolaita Sodo University students is linked to lower self-esteem, with male students using it more than females.

The Relationship between Social Media Usage and Students’ Self-esteem among Wolaita Sodo University Students

Instagram is associated with low self-esteem in university students, while addiction to social networks is not, and the number of followers is a factor for low self-esteem.

Self-esteem associated with the use of social networks in university students

Social media usage for educational purposes positively impacts tertiary students' academic performance, with academic self-efficacy and innovation characteristics acting as mediators and moderators.

Social Media Usage and Tertiary Students’ Academic Performance: Examining the Influences of Academic Self-Efficacy and Innovation Characteristics

Perceived interparental conflict in Chinese adolescents is positively associated with problematic social media use, mediated by maladaptive cognitions towards social network sites.

Perceived interparental conflict and problematic social media use among Chinese adolescents: The mediating roles of self-esteem and maladaptive cognition toward social network sites.

Social media interaction does not significantly affect self-esteem among high school students in Nairobi County, Kenya.

Effects of Social Media Interaction on Self-Esteem among Students in Public Secondary Schools in Nairobi County, Kenya

Using Twitter for educationally relevant purposes significantly increases college student engagement and semester grade point averages, fostering a more active and participatory learning process.

The effect of Twitter on college student engagement and grades

Addictive social media use is associated with narcissism and low self-esteem, with women potentially developing more addictive use than men.

The relationship between addictive use of social media, narcissism, and self-esteem: Findings from a large national survey.

Social media can be useful for medical students, but excessive usage can negatively impact their health and self-esteem.

Effects of social networking services on academic performance and self-esteem: A cross-sectional study among medical students

Social media use in higher education can negatively impact mental health by leading to lower self-esteem, self-confidence, and self-worth, potentially increasing depression, anxiety, and stress.

The Emotional Impact of Social Media in Higher Education

Social media addiction positively influences self-esteem among teenagers, suggesting a need for healthier digital habits and a balance between online activities and daily responsibilities.

The Influence of Social Media on Self-Esteem among International Business Students in One of the Public Universities

Fear of missing out on college events leads to increased positive social media self-presentation, negatively impacting students' self-esteem.

How should college modernized education deal with students' social media use? On social media platform: the impact of fear of missing out on College Students' Self-esteem

Impact of social media usage and self-esteem among Grade 12 students

Some studies suggest social media use has small associations with self-esteem and other emotional factors, while other studies indicate heavy use and posting regret are linked to lower self-esteem, particularly among younger students.