Is htn considered cardiovascular disease
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Hypertension (HTN) and Its Classification as a Cardiovascular Disease (CVD)
Hypertension as a Major Risk Factor for Cardiovascular Disease
Hypertension (HTN) is widely recognized as a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Numerous studies have established that HTN contributes to the development and progression of various cardiovascular conditions, including coronary artery disease, heart failure, and stroke . The relationship between HTN and CVD is not merely correlative but also causative, as HTN directly influences the structural and functional integrity of the cardiovascular system.
HTN and Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH)
One of the primary ways HTN impacts cardiovascular health is through its effect on the left ventricle (LV) of the heart. HTN can lead to left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), a condition characterized by the thickening of the heart's muscular wall. LVH is a significant marker of HTN and an independent risk factor for CVD morbidity and mortality. The geometrical changes in the LV, such as concentric remodeling and hypertrophy, are critical indicators of cardiovascular risk and are directly influenced by elevated blood pressure.
Systemic Hemodynamic Atherothrombotic Syndrome (SHATS)
The concept of systemic hemodynamic atherothrombotic syndrome (SHATS) further elucidates the connection between HTN and CVD. SHATS describes a synergistic cycle of hemodynamic stress and vascular disease, emphasizing the role of blood pressure variability (BPV) in the progression of cardiovascular conditions. This concept underscores the importance of managing both average blood pressure and BPV to mitigate the risk of CVD events and target organ damage.
Prevalence and Control of Hypertension
HTN is highly prevalent globally, affecting millions of individuals. Studies have shown that a significant portion of the population, especially older adults and those with comorbid conditions like diabetes and hyperlipidemia, suffer from HTN . Despite the availability of antihypertensive medications, a substantial number of patients have uncontrolled HTN, which exacerbates their risk of developing CVD.
HTN and Cardiovascular Events
HTN is not only a risk factor for chronic cardiovascular conditions but also for acute events such as myocardial infarction and sudden cardiac death. The presence of HTN increases the likelihood of atherosclerosis, which in turn contributes to the progression of acute coronary syndromes . Additionally, HTN is associated with various cardiac arrhythmias, including atrial fibrillation, which further complicates cardiovascular health.
Conclusion
In summary, HTN is intrinsically linked to cardiovascular disease, both as a major risk factor and as a condition that directly contributes to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Effective management of HTN, including controlling blood pressure and addressing blood pressure variability, is crucial in reducing the burden of cardiovascular disease. The evidence clearly supports the classification of HTN as a cardiovascular disease due to its profound impact on the cardiovascular system and its role in precipitating various cardiovascular events.
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