Lisinopril blood sugar
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The Impact of Lisinopril on Blood Sugar Levels
Introduction to Lisinopril and Blood Sugar
Lisinopril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, is commonly prescribed for managing hypertension and heart failure. Recent studies have also explored its effects on blood sugar levels and insulin sensitivity, particularly in patients with hypertension and diabetes.
Lisinopril and Insulin Sensitivity
Improvement in Insulin Sensitivity
Several studies have demonstrated that lisinopril can improve insulin sensitivity. In a study comparing lisinopril and losartan, lisinopril significantly increased the glucose infusion rate (GIR), an indicator of insulin sensitivity, while losartan did not show a significant effect. Another study involving elderly hypertensive patients found that lisinopril significantly improved whole-body glucose disposal and non-oxidative glucose metabolism. These findings suggest that lisinopril may enhance insulin action, potentially benefiting patients with insulin resistance.
Long-Term Effects on Glucose Metabolism
Long-term studies have also shown that lisinopril does not adversely affect glucose metabolism. In a six-month study, hypertensive patients treated with lisinopril did not experience significant changes in fasting or post-glucose-load plasma glucose levels, and no patients developed diabetes during the study period. This indicates that lisinopril is a safe option for long-term use in hypertensive patients concerning glucose metabolism.
Lisinopril in Diabetic Patients
Effects on Blood Pressure and Albuminuria
Lisinopril has been shown to be effective in reducing blood pressure and urinary albumin excretion in diabetic patients. In the CALM study, lisinopril significantly reduced diastolic blood pressure and urinary albumin:creatinine ratio in patients with type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and microalbuminuria. Another study found that combining lisinopril with telmisartan provided superior control of blood pressure and albumin excretion compared to monotherapy.
Renal Protection in Diabetic Patients
Lisinopril also offers renal protection in diabetic patients. A study involving normotensive patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) showed that lisinopril slowed the progression of renal disease, particularly in those with microalbuminuria . This renal protective effect is crucial for preventing the progression of diabetic nephropathy.
Conclusion
Lisinopril not only effectively manages hypertension but also improves insulin sensitivity and does not compromise glucose metabolism in hypertensive patients. Its benefits extend to diabetic patients by reducing blood pressure, albuminuria, and providing renal protection. These findings make lisinopril a valuable therapeutic option for patients with hypertension and diabetes, offering both cardiovascular and metabolic benefits.
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