Metabolities isolated from eruca stiva
Pro Research Analysisby 
Searched over 200M research papers
Consensus Meter
Metabolites Isolated from Eruca sativa: A Comprehensive Overview
Introduction to Eruca sativa Metabolites
Eruca sativa, commonly known as rocket or arugula, is a leafy vegetable renowned for its rich profile of bioactive compounds. These metabolites have garnered significant attention due to their potential health benefits, including antioxidant, antibacterial, and anticancer properties. This article synthesizes the findings from various studies to provide a detailed overview of the key metabolites isolated from Eruca sativa.
Glucosinolates and Their Hydrolysis Products
Types of Glucosinolates
Glucosinolates are sulfur-containing compounds predominantly found in Eruca sativa. The major glucosinolates identified include 4-methylthiobutylglucosinolate, 4-mercaptobutylglucosinolate, and 4-methylsulfinylbutylglucosinolate. These compounds are present in various parts of the plant, such as seeds, roots, leaves, and flowers, with their concentrations varying depending on the plant's ontogenic stage.
Hydrolysis Products
Upon hydrolysis, glucosinolates produce isothiocyanates (ITCs), which are known for their potent biological activities. Erucin, a hydrolysis product of glucoerucin, has been highlighted for its direct antioxidant activity and ability to decompose hydrogen peroxide and alkyl hydroperoxides. Additionally, glucosativin and its hydrolysis products, erucin and sativin, have shown significant inhibitory effects on the growth of pathogenic oomycetes.
Flavonoids and Phenolic Compounds
Types and Distribution
Flavonoids such as kaempferol, quercetin, and isorhamnetin are widely distributed in Eruca sativa. These compounds are found in significant levels in the leaves, flowers, and other tissues of the plant. The glycosylated forms of these flavonoids, including quercetin 3,3′,4′-O-triglucoside and quercetin-3,4′-O-diglucoside-3′-O-(6-sinapoyl-glucoside), are particularly abundant in the cultivar "Rucola della Piana del Sele".
Antioxidant Properties
The antioxidant potential of these flavonoids is well-documented. For instance, the ethanolic extract of Eruca sativa leaves demonstrated significant antioxidant activity, with IC50 values of 66.16 µg/mL for DPPH and 76.05 µg/mL for hydrogen peroxide. This activity is attributed to the high content of flavonoids and phenolic compounds in the extract.
Fatty Acids and Vitamins
Eruca sativa is also a rich source of essential fatty acids and vitamins. The plant contains various fatty acids that contribute to its nutritional value and potential health benefits. Additionally, vitamins such as vitamin C are present in significant amounts, further enhancing the plant's antioxidant capacity.
Pharmacokinetic Properties and Toxicity
The identified metabolites of Eruca sativa have shown promising pharmacokinetic properties, making them valuable candidates for drug or nutraceutical development. Computer-aided analysis has confirmed the favorable pharmacokinetics and low toxicity of these compounds, supporting their potential therapeutic applications.
Conclusion
Eruca sativa is a powerhouse of bioactive metabolites, including glucosinolates, flavonoids, fatty acids, and vitamins. These compounds exhibit a range of biological activities, such as antioxidant, antibacterial, and anticancer effects, making Eruca sativa a valuable plant for both nutritional and medicinal purposes. Further research and development could lead to the creation of Eruca sativa-based nutraceutical products, harnessing the full potential of its bioactive compounds.
Sources and full results
Most relevant research papers on this topic