Metoprolol alcohol
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Metoprolol and Alcohol: Solubility, Transdermal Delivery, and Interaction with Antihypertensive Effects
Solubility of Metoprolol in Alcohols
The solubility of metoprolol succinate, a cardioselective β1 adrenergic receptor blocker, in various alcohols has been extensively studied. Research indicates that the solubility of metoprolol succinate increases with temperature and follows a specific order in different alcohols: methanol > ethanol > n-butanol > n-propanol > isopropanol. This solubility pattern is primarily attributed to the intra- and intermolecular hydrogen bonds formed between metoprolol succinate and the solvent molecules, as demonstrated by density functional theory (DFT) calculations.
Metoprolol Transdermal Delivery Using Poly(vinyl alcohol)-Based Membranes
Innovative approaches for the transdermal delivery of metoprolol have been explored using poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) membranes. These membranes, produced via solvent-casting techniques, exhibit a linear release profile of metoprolol over time, which is crucial for maintaining consistent therapeutic levels. The addition of the enhancer Tween 80 to the polymeric matrices further improves the performance of these membranes, ensuring a constant drug release as described by the zero-order kinetic model.
Interaction of Alcohol with Metoprolol in Hypertensive Patients
The interaction between alcohol and metoprolol, particularly in the context of arterial hypertension, has been investigated. A study involving healthy men who consumed alcohol after a single oral dose of 200 mg of metoprolol found that alcohol did not negate the antihypertensive effect of metoprolol on supine systolic blood pressure. However, it is noted that hypertensive patients who regularly consume alcohol may experience less adequate blood pressure control, suggesting that the interaction between alcohol and antihypertensive drugs warrants further investigation.
Conclusion
The solubility of metoprolol succinate in various alcohols is influenced by temperature and hydrogen bonding, with methanol showing the highest solubility. Transdermal delivery systems using PVA-based membranes offer a promising method for controlled release of metoprolol. While acute alcohol consumption does not appear to interfere with the antihypertensive effects of metoprolol, regular alcohol intake may impact blood pressure control in hypertensive patients. Further research is needed to fully understand these interactions and optimize therapeutic strategies.
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