Microbiome Dynamics In Pig Gut With Respect To Neonatal Survivability

Introduction

The gut microbiome of neonatal piglets plays a crucial role in their overall health and survivability. Understanding the dynamics of microbiome development in the early stages of life, particularly in relation to neonatal survivability, can provide insights into improving piglet health and reducing mortality rates.

Key Insights

Probiotics and Gut Health:
- Supplementing neonatal piglets with synthetic milk and Lactobacillus sp. probiotics enhances gut health and growth, reducing post-weaning mortality.
Impact of Preterm Birth and NEC:
- Preterm piglets with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) have a distinct gut microbiota, with a higher abundance of Clostridium perfringens, compared to healthy term piglets. This suggests that gestational age and NEC significantly influence gut colonization.
Early Microbial Colonization:
- Early complex gut microbiota development is crucial for protecting against intestinal dysbiosis. Piglets with a more complex microbiota show better gut barrier functionality and immune responses.
Delivery Mode and Feeding:
- The mode of delivery and early feeding practices significantly affect the initial colonization and development of the gut microbiota. A core microbiota is established regardless of these factors, but specific microbial and metabolic profiles are influenced by them.
Diet and Microbiome Diversity:
- Early postnatal diets, such as breastfeeding versus formula feeding, create distinct microbial profiles in the small intestine. Sow-fed piglets exhibit greater microbial diversity and different dominant bacterial genera compared to formula-fed piglets.
Early Feeding and Microbiome Maturation:
- Providing a fibrous diet to piglets from an early age accelerates the maturation of the gut microbiome, leading to increased microbial diversity and the early establishment of post-weaning-associated microbial groups.

Conclusion

The neonatal gut microbiome is highly dynamic and influenced by various factors including probiotics, gestational age, delivery mode, and early diet. Probiotic supplementation and early complex microbial colonization are beneficial for gut health and reducing mortality. Early feeding strategies, particularly those involving fibrous diets, can accelerate microbiome maturation, potentially improving neonatal survivability. Understanding these dynamics can help in developing nutritional and microbial interventions to enhance the health and survival of neonatal piglets.

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Microbiome dynamics in pig gut with respect to neonatal survivability

Summary

Not a yes or no question

Introduction

Key Insights

Conclusion

Sources and full results

Nourishing neonatal piglets with synthetic milk and Lactobacillus sp. at birth highly modifies the gut microbial communities at the post-weaning stage

Preterm Birth and Necrotizing Enterocolitis Alter Gut Colonization in Pigs

Molecular networks affected by neonatal microbial colonization in porcine jejunum, luminally perfused with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli, F4ac fimbria or Lactobacillus amylovorus

Phylogenetic and Metabolic Tracking of Gut Microbiota during Perinatal Development

Early Postnatal Diets Affect the Bioregional Small Intestine Microbiome and Ileal Metabolome in Neonatal Pigs.

Early-life feeding accelerates gut microbiome maturation in piglets

Early administration of probiotics alters bacterial colonization and limits diet-induced gut dysfunction and severity of necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm pigs.

Impact of human milk bacteria and oligosaccharides on neonatal gut microbiota establishment and gut health.

Microbial sensing in the neonatal pig gut: effect of diet-independent and diet-dependent factors1

The Neonatal Pig: Development and Survival

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