Long-term adaptation to a constant environment in Escherichia coli is a complex and dynamic process, with multiple beneficial variants competing for dominance and ecological interactions influencing the evolution of each clade.

The Dynamics of Molecular Evolution Over 60,000 Generations

Evolution is the most important theory in biology, explaining every biological detail and guiding our understanding of the fossil record.

Science and evolution

Statistical genetics has played a crucial role in understanding the implications of hereditary differences for evolution, with its implications being more clear now than in 1900.

Statistical genetics and evolution

Molecular evolution in protein families occurs at the same frequency, with differences due to variable selection by molecular constraints and adaptation to the environment.

Molecular Evolution

Natural history collections provide new insights into evolutionary change in natural populations by comparing phenotypic and genotypic changes over time, offering insights into adaptive change at multiple levels.

Natural history collections as windows on evolutionary processes

The extended evolutionary synthesis1 (EES) suggests that evolutionary theory should consider non-genetic drivers, including organism growth and development, to better understand the process of evolution.

Does evolutionary theory need a rethink?

Lack of appropriate genetic variation may be the main cause of slow evolutionary change in most species, with rapid evolution occurring when appropriate variation is available.

The Croonian Lecture, 1991. Genostasis and the limits to evolution.

Genetic evolution may be predictable to some extent, with relevant mutations accumulating in hotspot genes and specific positions within genes, constrained by gene function, genetic network structure, and population biology.

Is Genetic Evolution Predictable?

The dominant mode of genome evolution is different from phenotypic evolution, with genome architecture determined by the balance between selection pressure, population size, mutation rate, recombination, and selfish element activity.

Evolution of genome architecture.

Laboratory experiments allow researchers to study the cognitive capacities necessary for language and the ways in which languages emerge, with a focus on individual-level behaviors resulting in population-level linguistic phenomena.

Language evolution in the laboratory

Natural selection is a key mechanism for evolution, and students apply this knowledge to a laboratory investigation examining the impact of food availability on bird beak frequency.

Natural Selection and Evolution

Comparative biochemistry, immunology, protein sequencing, and DNA studies have greatly contributed to our understanding of evolutionary processes and molecular processes in higher-organism DNA.

Evolution of higher-organism DNA

This paper presents a model for biological evolution, enabling predictions of necessary and sufficient conditions and average number of final varieties originating from a parent population.

A model of evolution

The evolution of genomes and languages shows that increasing complexity is intrinsic to both systems, with the primary stage being increasing the number of basic elements and the second stage being rearranging existing elements into new combinations.

The evolution of genomes and language

The theory of biological evolution is complex and multifaceted, leading to confusion in its application and testing against empirical observations.

Explanations in evolutionary theory

Evolution/observation is a new strategy for accepting formal languages, where a word is accepted if the (observed) evolution of a certain system follows a regular pattern.

Evolution and Observation: A Non-standard Way to Accept Formal Languages

The Great Oxygenation Event and Neoproterozoic Oxygenation Event are fundamental pacemakers for evolution, with physical changes of the planet largely determining the pace of evolution.

The timetable of evolution

Genetic algorithms can simulate natural selection and evolution, helping us understand species interactions and potential solutions for improving technology and extinction prevention.

Using Genetic Algorithms to Simulate Evolution

Evolutionary computation in computer science uses random variation, reproduction, and selection to design software and hardware, offering potential analogies to biological phenomena.

Evolutionary computation

This new edition of Evolution and Genetics offers a comprehensive discussion of evolutionary theory, based on recent genetics and mutation discoveries, and refutes the inheritance of acquired characters.

Evolution and Genetics

These studies suggest that observed evolution involves complex interactions between genetic variation, environmental adaptation, and ecological dynamics, with both predictable and variable elements influenced by multiple factors.