Paracetamol provided no clinically important improvements in pain and physical function for hip or knee osteoarthritis patients compared to placebo.

Paracetamol versus placebo for knee and hip osteoarthritis.

Paracetamol overdose and hepatotoxicity cause significant harm and deaths worldwide, with acetylcysteine being an effective antidote, but better identification and treatment regimens can help reduce harm.

Paracetamol (acetaminophen) overdose and hepatotoxicity: mechanism, treatment, prevention measures, and estimates of burden of disease

Prompt treatment with antidote can prevent liver damage in paracetamol poisoning, but young and healthy patients still risk serious liver injury.

Management of paracetamol poisoning

Paracetamol is ineffective for treating low back pain and provides minimal short-term benefits for people with osteoarthritis of the hip or knee.

Efficacy and safety of paracetamol for spinal pain and osteoarthritis: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised placebo controlled trials

A single dose of either propacetamol or i.v. paracetamol provides effective analgesia for 37% of patients with acute postoperative pain, with both formulations showing few adverse events.

Single-dose intravenous paracetamol or propacetamol for prevention or treatment of postoperative pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Intravenous paracetamol is a well-tolerated and safe analgesic for pain and fever treatment in adults and children after surgery, with minimal adverse reactions.

Intravenous Paracetamol (Acetaminophen)

Paracetamol metabolism and enzyme genotypes may influence susceptibility to toxic side effects and pain alleviation in different populations.

Paracetamol metabolism and related genetic differences

Paracetamol's utility in critical illness is limited, with limited data supporting its safety and effectiveness in various conditions.

Paracetamol in critical illness: a review.

Paracetamol is effective for pain relief in osteoarthritis patients, but less effective than NSAIDs, and should be the first line treatment for safety reasons.

Does paracetamol (acetaminophen) reduce the pain of osteoarthritis?: a meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

Paracetamol's precise mechanism of action remains a mystery, with various theories suggesting it works through inhibition of COX-1 variant enzymes, potentiation of serotonergic pathways, and endocannabinoid systems.

Paracetamol (acetaminophen): A familiar drug with an unexplained mechanism of action

Neonatal paracetamol exposure can cause long-lasting cognitive deficits and alter the adult response to paracetamol in mice.

Paracetamol (acetaminophen) administration during neonatal brain development affects cognitive function and alters its analgesic and anxiolytic response in adult male mice.

Paracetamol toxicity is considerable, especially at the upper end of standard analgesic doses, suggesting a dose-response effect.

Paracetamol: not as safe as we thought? A systematic literature review of observational studies

Paracetamol's analgesic and antipyretic action involves multiple metabolic pathways, but its safety and mechanism of action remain unclear.

Paracetamol – An old drug with new mechanisms of action

Interventions for paracetamol overdose include decontamination, extracorporeal measures, and antidotes to detoxify toxic metabolites, but their effectiveness and harms remain unclear.

Interventions for paracetamol (acetaminophen) overdose.

Paracetamol is a first or second-line drug for treating acute and chronic pain, especially for patients with limited therapeutic options and the elderly, but may have limited efficacy and hepatic toxicity.

Paracetamol: A Review of Guideline Recommendations

Paracetamol is a safe analgesic with a rapid oral absorption and extensive metabolism, but overdosage can cause severe liver damage.

Clinical Pharmacokinetics of Paracetamol

Restricting the quantity of paracetamol available in a single purchase can effectively reduce paracetamol-related suicide and liver failure.

Use of paracetamol (acetaminophen) for suicide and nonfatal poisoning: worldwide patterns of use and misuse.

Chronic paracetamol use may increase the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding and small increases in systolic blood pressure, and should be discussed with patients before starting treatment.

Long‐term adverse effects of paracetamol – a review

A combination of paracetamol and an NSAID may provide superior analgesia for acute postoperative pain compared to either drug alone.

Combining Paracetamol (Acetaminophen) with Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs: A Qualitative Systematic Review of Analgesic Efficacy for Acute Postoperative Pain

Paracetamol is well-tolerated by the gastrointestinal tract and appears to be well-tolerated during pregnancy, with hepatotoxicity being a major issue in its use.

Tolerability of Paracetamol

Some studies suggest paracetamol is ineffective for osteoarthritis and low back pain, while other studies indicate it provides effective analgesia for acute postoperative pain and is well-tolerated for pain and fever post-surgery.