Person cancer
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Understanding the Concept of a Cancer Survivor
Definition of a Cancer Survivor
The term "cancer survivor" is widely used but lacks a unanimous definition. Traditionally, it refers to anyone who has been diagnosed with cancer, from the time of diagnosis through the rest of their life. This broad definition includes not only those who have completed treatment but also those still undergoing treatment and those living with cancer as a chronic illness . The National Cancer Institute (NCI) extends this definition to include family members, friends, and caregivers who are also impacted by the survivorship experience.
Global Cancer Statistics
Cancer remains a significant global health issue. In 2002, there were approximately 10.9 million new cancer cases, 6.7 million deaths, and 24.6 million people living with cancer within three years of diagnosis. The most commonly diagnosed cancers were lung, breast, and colorectal cancers, with lung cancer being the leading cause of cancer death. These statistics highlight the widespread impact of cancer and the importance of understanding and supporting cancer survivors.
Management of Cancer in Older Adults
Managing cancer in older adults presents unique challenges. Questions often arise about whether the patient will die with cancer or from cancer, their ability to tolerate treatment, and whether the benefits of treatment outweigh the harms. A comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) is crucial for evaluating the functional reserve and life expectancy of older patients. This assessment helps in tailoring cancer treatment to individual needs, recognizing treatable conditions, and improving overall care.
Whole Person Approach to Cancer Care
A whole person approach to cancer care addresses the psychological, emotional, physical, spiritual, sexual, occupational, social, and existential needs of cancer patients. This approach has been shown to significantly improve health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and address the concerns of cancer patients. Support is particularly crucial three to six months post-treatment, a period identified as when patients most need additional help.
Cancer Survivorship Care Models
Specialized cancer survivorship care clinics are essential for managing the long-term effects of cancer treatment. These clinics provide regular follow-up for prevention, early detection, and intervention of late effects, which can lead to serious morbidity and premature mortality. A multidisciplinary and risk-based approach, such as the Personalized Cancer Survivorship Care Model, empowers survivors and supports self-management, improving overall health outcomes.
Psychological Impact and Search for Meaning
The period following a cancer diagnosis is often marked by a search for meaning, where patients grapple with the personal significance of their diagnosis, its consequences, and their outlook on life. Faith and social support play significant roles in helping patients navigate this challenging time. Understanding these psychological aspects can help healthcare providers support patients more effectively.
Conclusion
The concept of a cancer survivor encompasses a broad range of experiences and needs, from the time of diagnosis through the rest of life. Effective cancer care requires a comprehensive approach that addresses the diverse and evolving needs of survivors, including psychological support, personalized treatment plans, and long-term follow-up care. By adopting a whole person approach and specialized care models, healthcare providers can significantly improve the quality of life and health outcomes for cancer survivors.
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