Advances in greenhouse technologies show promise for vertical farms, offering efficient and cost-effective solutions to urban food security and climate change.

The Vertical Farm: A Review of Developments and Implications for the Vertical City

Vertical farms and greenhouses can significantly reduce CO2 emissions and urban food waste, but require further energy efficiency improvements for large-scale implementation.

A Systematic Literature Review on Controlled-Environment Agriculture: How Vertical Farms and Greenhouses Can Influence the Sustainability and Footprint of Urban Microclimate with Local Food Production

Integrating vertical hydroponic farming with district heating in urban areas can reduce transport costs, improve water and land use efficiency, and reduce CO2 emissions in food and energy production.

Local heat, local food: Integrating vertical hydroponic farming with district heating in Sweden

Singapore is making significant strides in vertical farming, using high-tech, high-yielding farms in high-rise buildings to overcome land scarcity and food insecurity, while managing rapid urbanisation.

Vertical Farming: An Assessment of Singapore City

Urban agriculture, using hydroponics, aeroponics, and aquaponics, offers a promising solution for limited land and high-tech city farming, minimizing maintenance and maximizing yield.

Study of Vertical Farming (Hydroponics)

Urban vertical farming, using technology and automation, can potentially increase productivity and reduce environmental footprint while maintaining biosecurity, pest resistance, and reduced transportation and fossil fuel use.

Future food-production systems: vertical farming and controlled-environment agriculture

Urban vertical hydroponic farming systems can reduce environmental impacts by replacing plastic pots with paper and coir growing medium, but further improvements are needed in electricity demand and resource-efficient practices.

Environmental Assessment of an Urban Vertical Hydroponic Farming System in Sweden

Vertical farming can contribute to urban sustainability and climate mitigation when integrated into urban-level systemic food planning.

Planning for sustainable urban food systems: an analysis of the up-scaling potential of vertical farming

Employing urban residual streams for vertical hydroponic farming offers significant environmental benefits, particularly when replacing conventional growing media with paper, compost, and brewers' spent grains.

Exploring the Environmental Performance of Urban Symbiosis for Vertical Hydroponic Farming

Vertical farming in residential apartments can address food waste, food miles, and security issues, while maximizing space utilization and promoting sustainable urban systems.

A Comparative Analysis of Vertical Agriculture Systems in Residential Apartments

Composting in controlled environment agriculture systems can recover carbon dioxide and plant nutrients, improving sustainability and reducing environmental impact.

A Conceptual Framework for Incorporation of Composting in Closed-Loop Urban Controlled Environment Agriculture

Urban agriculture and vertical farming contribute to urban sustainability by reducing waste, pollution, and climate change, while maintaining consistent food production year-round.

Implication of Urban Agriculture and Vertical Farming for Future Sustainability

Vertical farming, using plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, can improve sustainability and resilience by reducing dependency on chemical fertilizers and crop protection products.

Vertical Farming: The Only Way Is Up?

Urban agriculture in northern cities may not be optimal for improving environmental performance due to high energy inputs and inefficient use of production inputs.

Testing the environmental performance of urban agriculture as a food supply in northern climates

Integrating urban farms with buildings and using residual material and energy streams can significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve the environmental performance of urban vertical farms.

Estimating the Potential of Building Integration and Regional Synergies to Improve the Environmental Performance of Urban Vertical Farming

Controlled environment agriculture techniques have the potential to revolutionize urban food systems by offering year-round production, optimizing resource-use efficiency, and addressing food safety concerns.

Controlled Environment Food Production for Urban Agriculture

Advances in greenhouse technologies show promise for efficient and compact vertical farming in peri-urban areas, but economic feasibility, codes, regulations, and expertise remain major obstacles.

The Vertical Farm: Exploring Applications for Peri-urban Areas

Ventilated greenhouses are significantly more energy-efficient than indoor vertical farms for most inhabited regions of the planet, with local land and water availability playing a significant role in the choice between growing systems.

Energy optimisation of plant factories and greenhouses for different climatic conditions

Plant growth-promoting microorganisms (PGPMs) can enhance plant growth, environmental stress tolerance, and phytoremediation in hydroponics and vertical farming systems, benefiting both crops and the environment.

The Role of Plant Growth-Promoting Microorganisms (PGPMs) and Their Feasibility in Hydroponics and Vertical Farming

Urban hydroponic farms in Lyon, France, perform better than heated greenhouses and similarly to conventional open field farms, with carbon-neutral electricity sources enhancing their environmental impact.

Environmental Impacts of Urban Hydroponics in Europe: A Case Study in Lyon

The potential of urban vertical farms, hydroponics, and controlled environment agriculture in reducing food miles and promoting local food systems.

These studies suggest that urban vertical farms, hydroponics, and controlled environment agriculture can reduce food miles, improve local food systems, enhance urban sustainability, and mitigate climate change, though further improvements in energy efficiency and resource use are needed for large-scale implementation.